Fragkaki Iro, Maciejewski Dominique F, Weijman Esther L, Feltes Jonas, Cima Maaike
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Motenssorilaan 3, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 5, 2628 CD Delft, the Netherlands.
Pers Individ Dif. 2021 Jul;176:110781. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110781. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
During the Covid-19 pandemic, the governments are trying to contain the spread with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as social distancing rules, restrictions, and lockdowns. In an effort to identify factors that may influence population adherence to NPIs, we examined the role of optimism bias, anxiety, and perceived severity of the situation in relation to engagement in protective behavioral changes and satisfaction with governments' response to this pandemic. We conducted an online survey in 935 participants ( = 34.29; 68.88% females) that was disseminated in April and May 2020 in the Netherlands, Germany, Greece, and USA. Individuals with high optimism bias engaged less in behavioral changes, whereas individuals with high levels of anxiety and high perceived severity engaged more in behavioral changes. Individuals with high optimism bias and high levels of anxiety were less satisfied with the governments' response, albeit for different reasons. Individuals who reported low perceived severity and low government satisfaction engaged the least in behavioral changes, whereas participants who reported high perceived severity and low government satisfaction engaged the most in behavioral changes. This study contributes to a better understanding of the psychological factors that influence people's responses to NPIs.
在新冠疫情期间，各国政府试图通过非药物干预措施（NPIs）来遏制疫情传播，如社交距离规则、限制措施和封锁。为了确定可能影响民众遵守非药物干预措施的因素，我们研究了乐观偏差、焦虑以及对形势的感知严重性在参与保护性行为改变和对政府应对疫情措施的满意度方面所起的作用。我们对935名参与者（平均年龄 = 34.29岁；68.88%为女性）进行了一项在线调查，该调查于2020年4月和5月在荷兰、德国、希腊和美国开展。乐观偏差高的个体较少参与行为改变，而焦虑程度高和感知严重性高的个体更多地参与行为改变。乐观偏差高和焦虑程度高的个体对政府的应对措施不太满意，尽管原因不同。报告感知严重性低且对政府满意度低的个体参与行为改变最少，而报告感知严重性高且对政府满意度低的参与者参与行为改变最多。这项研究有助于更好地理解影响人们对非药物干预措施反应的心理因素。
