Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 May 4;35(Suppl 2):18. doi: 10.11604/pamj.supp.2020.35.2.23051. eCollection 2020.
there is no effective vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at present, so non-pharmacological interventions like quarantine are advocated to control its spread. Quarantine refers to the restriction of the movement of asymptomatic healthy people who have had contact with cases of a communicable disease. We highlight a Cochrane rapid review, published in April 2020, on the effectiveness of quarantine in limiting the spread of COVID-19.
the authors of the Cochrane rapid review searched multiple electronic databases for studies of any design, which assessed the effects of quarantine compared to no intervention. Eligible participants for the review included contacts of confirmed or suspected cases and people returning from countries with a declared outbreak of COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). The authors used the evidence from SARS and MERS studies to provide indirect evidence on COVID-19.
the authors included 29 observational and mathematical modelling studies and found that quarantine may lead to substantial reductions in new COVID-19 cases and deaths. The review also shows that combining school closures, travel bans and social distancing to quarantine may lead to larger reductions in cases and deaths.
the review suggests that quarantine should be part of the COVID-19 combination prevention tool kit for Africa. Therefore, in addition to other public health measures, African countries should roll out COVID-19 testing to identify, isolate and treat infected people and quarantine their contacts.
目前尚无针对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的有效疫苗，因此提倡采取隔离等非药物干预措施来控制其传播。隔离是指对接触传染病病例的无症状健康人进行行动限制。我们重点介绍了 Cochrane 快速评价，该评价于 2020 年 4 月发表，内容涉及隔离在限制 COVID-19 传播方面的有效性。
Cochrane 快速评价的作者检索了多个电子数据库，以评估与无干预相比，隔离的效果。本评价的合格参与者包括确诊或疑似病例的接触者以及从宣布 COVID-19、严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）或中东呼吸综合征（MERS）爆发的国家返回的人员。作者利用 SARS 和 MERS 研究中的证据为 COVID-19 提供间接证据。
作者纳入了 29 项观察性和数学建模研究，发现隔离可能会导致 COVID-19 新发病例和死亡人数的大幅减少。该评价还表明，将学校关闭、旅行禁令和社会隔离与隔离相结合，可能会导致病例和死亡人数的更大减少。
该评价表明，隔离应成为非洲 COVID-19 综合预防工具包的一部分。因此，除了其他公共卫生措施外，非洲国家还应开展 COVID-19 检测，以发现、隔离和治疗感染者，并对其接触者进行隔离。
