Albert Benjamin B, Derraik José G B, Xia Yin-Yin, Norris Tom, Zhang Ting, Han Ting-Li, Chang Chen, Rowan Angela, Gallier Sophie, Souza Renato T, Hammond Judith J, Zhou Wei, Zhang Hua, Qi Hong-Bo, Baker Philip N
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 24;16(2):e0244916. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244916. eCollection 2021.
Gangliosides are a class of sphingolipids that are present in the cell membranes of vertebrates. Gangliosides influence a broad range of cellular processes through effects on signal transduction, being found abundantly in the brain, and having a role in neurodevelopment.
We aimed to assess the effects of maternal daily consumption of ganglioside-enriched milk vs non-enriched milk and a non-supplemented group of pregnant women on maternal ganglioside levels and pregnancy outcomes.
Double-blind parallel randomized controlled trial.
1,500 women aged 20-40 years were recruited in Chongqing (China) between 11 and 14 weeks of a singleton pregnancy, and randomized into three groups: Control-received standard powdered milk formulation (≥4 mg gangliosides/day); Complex milk lipid-enhanced (CML-E) group-same formulation enriched with complex milk lipids (≥8 mg gangliosides/day) from milk fat globule membrane; Reference-received no milk. Serum ganglioside levels were measured in a randomly selected subsample of 250 women per group.
CML-E milk was associated with marginally greater total gangliosides levels in maternal serum compared to Control (13.02 vs 12.69 μg/ml; p = 0.034) but not to Reference group. CML-E milk did not affect cord blood ganglioside levels. Among the 1500 women, CML-E milk consumption was associated with a lower rate of gestational diabetes mellitus than control milk [relative risk 0.80 (95% CI 0.64, 0.99)], but which was not different to the Reference group. CML-E milk supplementation had no other effects on maternal or newborn health.
Maternal supplementation with milk fat globule membrane, as a source of gangliosides, was not associated with any adverse health outcomes, and did not increase serum gangliosides compared with the non-supplemented reference group.
Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR-IOR-16007700).
ChiCTR-IOR-16007700; www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=12972.
神经节苷脂是一类存在于脊椎动物细胞膜中的鞘脂。神经节苷脂通过影响信号转导来影响广泛的细胞过程，在大脑中大量存在，并在神经发育中发挥作用。
我们旨在评估孕妇每日饮用富含神经节苷脂的牛奶与未强化牛奶以及未补充牛奶的孕妇组对母体神经节苷脂水平和妊娠结局的影响。
双盲平行随机对照试验。
2016年在中国重庆招募了1500名年龄在20 - 40岁之间、单胎妊娠11至14周的女性，并随机分为三组：对照组——接受标准奶粉配方（每日神经节苷脂≥4毫克）；复合乳脂强化（CML - E）组——相同配方但富含来自乳脂肪球膜的复合乳脂（每日神经节苷脂≥8毫克）；参照组——不饮用牛奶。每组随机选取250名女性的子样本测量血清神经节苷脂水平。
与对照组相比，CML - E牛奶使母体血清中总神经节苷脂水平略有升高（13.02对12.69微克/毫升；p = 0.034），但与参照组相比无差异。CML - E牛奶不影响脐带血神经节苷脂水平。在这1500名女性中，饮用CML - E牛奶与妊娠期糖尿病发生率低于对照牛奶相关[相对风险0.80（95%可信区间0.64，0.99）]，但与参照组无差异。补充CML - E牛奶对母体或新生儿健康无其他影响。
作为神经节苷脂来源的乳脂肪球膜补充剂对母体健康无不良影响，与未补充的参照组相比，也不会增加血清神经节苷脂水平。
中国临床试验注册中心（ChiCTR - IOR - 16007700）。
ChiCTR - IOR - 16007700；www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj = 12972 。
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