Freedman R, Nagamoto H
Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver.
Recent Dev Alcohol. 1988;6:323-31. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7718-8_18.
Sensory evoked potentials are capable of demonstrating brain sensory and cognitive function. These measures of brain activity can be used to demonstrate genetic influences in alcoholism. Auditory evoked potentials have been used successfully to demonstrate inherited differences in alcohol sensitivity. As in animal models, these inherited differences are limited to particular neuronal mechanisms and are not a general property of all neurons. The P300 wave, which is elicited in particular paradigms in which the subject is required to attend to specific stimuli, is smaller in subjects who are at high risk for alcoholism by virtue of having an alcoholic father. These subjects at risk for alcoholism show lower P300 amplitudes in paradigms in which they are given small doses of alcohol. P300 is also small in younger high-risk subjects who have never been exposed to alcohol. The evoked potential data are in general agreement with earlier electroencephalographic data that suggested the presence of electrophysiological abnormalities in the children of alcoholics.
感觉诱发电位能够显示大脑的感觉和认知功能。这些大脑活动的测量方法可用于证明酒精中毒中的遗传影响。听觉诱发电位已成功用于证明酒精敏感性的遗传差异。与动物模型一样，这些遗传差异仅限于特定的神经元机制，并非所有神经元的普遍特性。P300波是在特定范式中诱发的，在这种范式中受试者需要关注特定刺激，在因父亲酗酒而患酒精中毒高风险的受试者中较小。这些有酒精中毒风险的受试者在给予小剂量酒精的范式中显示出较低的P300波幅。在从未接触过酒精的年轻高风险受试者中，P300波也较小。诱发电位数据总体上与早期脑电图数据一致，早期数据表明酗酒者的子女存在电生理异常。
