Rezaei Omidvar, Tamizkar Kasra Honarmand, Sharifi Guive, Taheri Mohammad, Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh
Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Front Oncol. 2021 Feb 3;10:625884. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.625884. eCollection 2020.
Glioblastoma is the utmost aggressive diffuse kind of glioma which is originated from astrocytes, neural stem cells or progenitors. This malignant tumor has a poor survival rate. A number of genetic aberrations and somatic mutations have been associated with this kind of cancer. In recent times, the impact of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in glioblastoma has been underscored by several investigations. Up-regulation of a number of oncogenic lncRNAs such as H19, MALAT1, SNHGs, MIAT, UCA, HIF1A-AS2 and XIST in addition to down-regulation of other tumor suppressor lncRNAs namely GAS5, RNCR3 and NBAT1 indicate the role of these lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. Several and a number of studies have demonstrated the contribution of these transcripts in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, cell survival, invasion and metastasis of glioblastoma cells. Moreover, some lncRNAs such as SBF2-AS1 are involved in conferring resistance to temozolomide. Finally, few circularRNAs have been identified that influence the evolution of glioblastoma. In this paper, we discuss the impacts of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma, their applications as markers and their implications in the therapeutic responses in this kind of cancer.
胶质母细胞瘤是最具侵袭性的弥漫性胶质瘤，起源于星形胶质细胞、神经干细胞或祖细胞。这种恶性肿瘤的生存率很低。许多基因畸变和体细胞突变都与这种癌症有关。近年来，多项研究强调了长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）在胶质母细胞瘤中的作用。一些致癌lncRNA如H19、MALAT1、SNHG、MIAT、UCA、HIF1A-AS2和XIST的上调，以及其他肿瘤抑制lncRNA如GAS5、RNCR3和NBAT1的下调，表明这些lncRNA在胶质母细胞瘤的发病机制中发挥作用。多项研究已经证明了这些转录本在调节胶质母细胞瘤细胞的增殖和凋亡、细胞存活、侵袭和转移中的作用。此外，一些lncRNA如SBF2-AS1参与赋予对替莫唑胺的抗性。最后，已经鉴定出少数影响胶质母细胞瘤进展的环状RNA。在本文中，我们讨论了lncRNA在胶质母细胞瘤发病机制中的作用、它们作为标志物的应用以及它们在这种癌症治疗反应中的意义。
