Department of Public Health, The University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
RAND Corporation, Portland, Oregon, USA.
New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2021 Mar;2021(176):41-59. doi: 10.1002/cad.20397. Epub 2021 Feb 26.
Crisis migration refers to displacement of large numbers of individuals and families from their home countries due to wars, dictatorial governments, and other critical hazards (e.g., hurricanes). Although crisis migration can adversely influence direct and indirect effects on the mental health of adults and their children collectively as families, there is a deficiency in theory that addresses family level processes in this crisis migration context. We propose the Family Crisis Migration Stress Framework, which consolidates what is known about the multiple factors affecting mental health outcomes of crisis migrants into one cohesive model. In our article, we synthesize relevant theories and models of disaster, migration, and family resilience in order to create a framework in which to organize the complex processes that occur within families as a result of migration and that affect the mental health of children. We include examples from various national settings to illustrate the tenets of our framework. Future policy and intervention for crisis migrant should focus on the family as a unit, instead of parents and children as individual entities.
危机移民是指由于战争、独裁政府和其他重大灾害（如飓风）等原因，大量个人和家庭从自己的国家流离失所。尽管危机移民会对成年人及其子女作为家庭的直接和间接心理健康产生不利影响，但在理论上，针对这一危机移民背景下的家庭层面的过程，还存在不足。我们提出了“家庭危机移民应激框架”，该框架将影响危机移民心理健康的多种因素整合到一个统一的模型中。在我们的文章中，我们综合了灾害、移民和家庭适应力的相关理论和模型，以创建一个框架，用于组织由于移民而在家庭内部发生并影响儿童心理健康的复杂过程。我们还从不同的国家环境中选取了一些例子，以说明我们框架的原则。未来针对危机移民的政策和干预措施应将家庭作为一个整体，而不是将父母和孩子作为个体来对待。
