Alberti María M, Pérez-Chávez Ana Marión, Niveiro Nicolás, Albertó Edgardo
Instituto Tecnológico Chascomús INTECH (UNSAM-CONICET), Intendente Marino Km 8.2, 7130, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste, IBONE (UNNE-CONICET), Sargento Cabral 2131, CC 209, Corrientes Capital, Corrientes, Argentina.
Curr Microbiol. 2021 Apr;78(4):1256-1266. doi: 10.1007/s00284-021-02391-2. Epub 2021 Feb 26.
Oudemansiella species are worldwide distributed and they are characterized for having attractive appearance, a soft fleshy context and mild taste and odor, what makes them interesting for mushroom intensive production. However, studies on their cultivation are scarce and there is no information regarding productive and morphological parameters of fruiting bodies obtained in culture. Here, we propose a methodology to determine the best production technique for the cultivation of not only Oudemansiella species but also of other xylophagous species assaying five different mushroom cultivation systems. Also, the optimal temperature of vegetative growth, the optimal lignocellulosic substrates and the nutritional properties of two naturally occurring Oudemansiella species were determined. As a result, bags with holes-system proved to be the most appropriate technique for the production of fruiting bodies, 25 °C was determined as the optimal temperature for mycelial growth and wheat straw as the best substrate. The evaluated species showed a higher content of fats and fiber and a lower content of proteins and carbohydrates compared to other mushrooms. Furthermore, this is the first report of the cultivation of O. cubensis on agricultural wastes in the world.
奥德蘑属物种分布于世界各地，其特点是外观诱人、菌肉柔软、味道和气味温和，这使得它们在蘑菇集约化生产中具有吸引力。然而，关于其栽培的研究很少，并且没有关于在培养中获得的子实体的生产和形态参数的信息。在此，我们提出一种方法，通过测定五种不同的蘑菇栽培系统，来确定不仅适用于奥德蘑属物种，也适用于其他木食性物种的最佳生产技术。此外，还确定了营养生长的最佳温度、最佳木质纤维素底物以及两种天然存在的奥德蘑属物种的营养特性。结果表明，打孔袋栽系统被证明是生产子实体最合适的技术，25℃被确定为菌丝体生长的最佳温度，小麦秸秆是最佳底物。与其他蘑菇相比，所评估的物种显示出更高的脂肪和纤维含量以及更低的蛋白质和碳水化合物含量。此外，这是世界上关于利用农业废弃物栽培古巴奥德蘑的首次报道。
