Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Int J Med Mushrooms. 2021;23(2):43-56. doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2021037649.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently one of the most common liver diseases worldwide. Lifestyle modifications through the diet are the mainstay of treatment. Auricularia nigricans is a popular edible mushroom known to possess medicinal properties. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis indicated that linoleic acid ethyl ester, butyl 9,12-octadecadienoate, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-ol, 2(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-5-benzene propanoic acid, and 3,30-di-0-methyl ellagic acid were present in the A. nigricans ethyl acetate (EA) fraction. The cytotoxicity assay showed that the EA fraction was noncytotoxic to HepG2 cells at concentrations < 100 μg/mL. In the antihepatic steatosis assay, 50 μg/mL of EA fraction caused a decline in absorbance to 0.20 ± 0.02 compared to palmitic acid (PA)-induced cells (0.24 ± 0.02). Furthermore, cells treated with 50 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL of EA fraction contributed an approximately 1.12-fold and 1.08-fold decrease in lipid accumulation compared to PA-induced cells. Coincubation with PA and 25 μg/mL of EA fraction decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 to 140.48 ± 8.12, 91.16 ± 2.40, 184.00 ± 22.68, and 935.88 ± 39.36 pg/mL compared to PA-induced cells. The presence of the EA fraction also suppressed the stress-activated protein kinase/Jun amino-terminal kinase, p-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathways. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the A. nigricans EA fraction demonstrates antisteatotic effects involving antioxidant capacity, hypolipidemic effects, and anti-inflammatory capacity in the PA-induced NAFLD pathological cell model.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是目前全球最常见的肝脏疾病之一。通过饮食进行生活方式改变是治疗的主要方法。黑木耳是一种常见的食用蘑菇，具有药用特性。气相色谱-质谱联用和液相色谱-串联质谱分析表明，亚油酸乙酯、丁酸 9,12-十八碳二烯酸酯、9,12-十八碳二烯酸、麦角甾-5,7,22-三烯-3-醇、2(3,4-二羟基苯基）-7-羟基-5-苯丙酸和 3,30-二-O-甲基鞣花酸存在于黑木耳的乙酸乙酯（EA）馏分中。细胞毒性试验表明，在浓度<100μg/mL 时，EA 馏分对 HepG2 细胞无细胞毒性。在抗肝脂肪变性试验中，与棕榈酸（PA）诱导的细胞（0.24±0.02）相比，50μg/mL 的 EA 馏分使吸光度下降至 0.20±0.02。此外，与 PA 诱导的细胞相比，用 50μg/mL 和 25μg/mL 的 EA 馏分处理的细胞分别使脂质积累减少了约 1.12 倍和 1.08 倍。与 PA 共孵育 25μg/mL 的 EA 馏分可将肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-8 和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 水平降低至 140.48±8.12、91.16±2.40、184.00±22.68 和 935.88±39.36pg/mL，与 PA 诱导的细胞相比。EA 馏分的存在还抑制了应激激活蛋白激酶/Jun 氨基末端激酶、p38 丝裂原激活蛋白激酶、核因子-κB 和信号转导和转录激活因子 3 信号通路。综上所述，这些发现表明，黑木耳的 EA 馏分在 PA 诱导的 NAFLD 病理细胞模型中具有抗脂肪变性作用，涉及抗氧化能力、降血脂作用和抗炎能力。
