Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.
Iran Biomed J. 2021 May 1;25(3):180-92. doi: 10.29252/ibj.25.3.180.
Bioactive glasses 58S, are silicate-based materials containing calcium and phosphate, which dissolved in body fluid and bond to the bone tissue. This type of bioactive glass is highly biocompatible and has a wide range of clinical applications.
The 58S glass powders were synthesized via sol-gel methods, using tetraethyl orthosilicate, triethyl phosphate, and calcium nitrate, as precursors. Upon the analyses of phase and chemical structures of bioactive glass in different gelation times (12, 48, and 100 h), the appropriate heat treatment (at 525, 575, and 625 °C) was performed to eliminate nitrate compounds and stabilize the glass powder samples. The in vitro assay in SBF solution revealed the bioactivity of the synthesized 58S glass through the morphological (SEM), chemical structure (FTIR), release of calcium, phosphorous and silicon elements, pH variations, and weight loss measurements. The behavior of MSCs in the presence of bioactive glass powders was studied by MTT cytotoxicity, cell staining, ALP activity and biomineralization tests, as well as by the evaluation of ALP, osteocalcin, osteonectin, collagen I, and RUNX2 gene expression.
The results confirmed a gelation time of 100 h and a calcination temperature of 575 °C at optimal conditions for the synthesis of nitrate-free bioactive glass powders.
The glass spherical nanoparticles in the range of 20-30 nm possess the improved bioactivity and osteogenic properties as demanded for bone tissue engineering.
生物活性玻璃 58S 是一种硅酸基材料，含有钙和磷，可在体液中溶解并与骨组织结合。这种生物活性玻璃具有高度的生物相容性，有广泛的临床应用。
采用正硅酸乙酯、三乙基磷酸酯和硝酸钙作为前体，通过溶胶-凝胶法合成 58S 玻璃粉末。对不同凝胶时间（12、48 和 100 h）的生物活性玻璃的相和化学结构进行分析后，进行适当的热处理（525、575 和 625°C）以消除硝酸盐化合物并稳定玻璃粉末样品。在 SBF 溶液中的体外试验通过形态学（SEM）、化学结构（FTIR）、钙、磷和硅元素的释放、pH 值变化和重量损失测量来揭示合成的 58S 玻璃的生物活性。通过 MTT 细胞毒性、细胞染色、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性和生物矿化试验以及对碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨钙素、骨粘连蛋白、胶原 I 和 runt 相关转录因子 2（RUNX2）基因表达的评估，研究了间充质干细胞在生物活性玻璃粉末存在下的行为。
结果证实，在无硝酸盐生物活性玻璃粉末合成的最佳条件下，凝胶时间为 100 h，煅烧温度为 575°C。
粒径在 20-30nm 之间的玻璃球形纳米颗粒具有改善的生物活性和成骨性能，符合骨组织工程的要求。
