Gungor E, Altop A, Erener G
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55200 Samsun, Turkey.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55200 Samsun, Turkey.
Animal. 2021 Apr;15(4):100194. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100194. Epub 2021 Feb 25.
Grape seed (GS) is a by-product of the fruit juice and wine industry with the potential to be an alternative to synthetic antioxidants due to its antioxidant activity. Agro-industrial residues can be converted to more effective products by solid-state fermentation. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of GS and fermented grape seed (FGS) on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and cecal microflora in broiler chickens. A total of 128 female broilers were randomly allocated into four treatment groups, each consisting of four replicates of eight birds. Throughout the 42-day feeding period, the birds were fed with soybean-corn based diet (CON), 0.15 g/kg synthetic antioxidant (butylated hydroxyanisole) supplemented diet (AO), 5 g/kg GS supplemented diet (GS), and 5 g/kg FGS supplemented diet (FGS). Dietary GS, FGS, and AO supplementation increased the BW (P < 0.05) and average daily weight gain (ADG, P < 0.05) compared with the CON group in the overall period of 42 days. Dietary FGS also increased the ADG (P < 0.05) in the period of 22-42 days compared with the control group. The pH of the breast meat of the chickens fed GS was higher (P < 0.01) than CON and FGS groups. Dietary FGS and AO decreased the b* value (P < 0.01) of breast meat compared with the CON group. Grape seed had the highest serum glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05) and catalase (CAT, P < 0.01) levels among the treatment groups. The FGS also increased serum CAT level (P < 0.01) compared with the AO group. Moreover, dietary FGS supplementation increased Lactobacillus spp. (P < 0.05) in the cecum compared with the other treatment groups and decreased Staphylococcus aureus (P < 0.05) compared with the CON and AO groups. The present findings indicate that GS and FGS can be used in broiler diets as alternatives to synthetic antioxidants.
葡萄籽（GS）是果汁和葡萄酒行业的副产品，由于其抗氧化活性，有潜力成为合成抗氧化剂的替代品。农业工业残留物可通过固态发酵转化为更有效的产品。本研究的目的是探讨GS和发酵葡萄籽（FGS）对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和盲肠微生物群的影响。总共128只雌性肉鸡被随机分为四个处理组，每组由四个重复，每个重复八只鸡。在整个42天的饲养期内，给鸡饲喂基于大豆-玉米的日粮（对照组）、添加0.15 g/kg合成抗氧化剂（丁基羟基茴香醚）的日粮（AO组）、添加5 g/kg GS的日粮（GS组）和添加5 g/kg FGS的日粮（FGS组）。在42天的整个期间，与对照组相比，日粮中添加GS、FGS和AO可提高体重（P<0.05）和平均日增重（ADG，P<0.05）。与对照组相比，日粮中添加FGS在22至42天期间也提高了ADG（P<0.05）。饲喂GS的鸡胸脯肉pH值高于对照组和FGS组（P<0.01）。与对照组相比，日粮中添加FGS和AO可降低胸脯肉b*值（P<0.01）。在各处理组中，葡萄籽组的血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶水平最高（P<0.05），过氧化氢酶（CAT，P<0.01）水平也最高。与AO组相比，FGS组血清CAT水平也有所提高（P<0.01）。此外，与其他处理组相比，日粮中添加FGS可增加盲肠中乳酸杆菌属（P<0.05），与对照组和AO组相比，可降低金黄色葡萄球菌数量（P<0.05）。目前的研究结果表明，GS和FGS可作为合成抗氧化剂的替代品用于肉鸡日粮。
