Gungor Emrah, Altop Aydin, Erener Guray
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55200 Samsun, Turkey.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Feb 1;11(2):364. doi: 10.3390/ani11020364.
The effects of raw (GP) and fermented grape pomace (FGP) on the growth performance, some carcass parameters, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and selected bacterial species in broiler chicken were investigated in this study. Grape pomace was fermented with for 7 d. In total, 140 one-day-old male chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, with five replicates and seven birds each. Chickens were fed either a basal diet (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.25 g/kg synthetic antioxidants (5% butylated hydroxytoluene, 1% butylated hydroxyanisole, and 11% ethoxyquin) (AO), or 15 g/kg GP (GP), or 15 g/kg FGP (FGP) for 42 d. Dietary GP raised serum glutathione peroxidase ( = 0.031) and superoxide dismutase ( = 0.021) levels, increased ileum lamina muscularis thickness ( = 0.016), and did not affect selected bacterial species in the cecum of broiler chickens. Dietary FGP improved body weight ( = 0.003), increased the serum catalase level ( = 0.032), and decreased the cecal count ( = 0.033) but did not affect the ileal morphology of broiler chickens. The carcass parameters, malondialdehyde level, pH, and color of the breast meat of chickens were not changed by either GP or FGP supplementation. Chickens fed with the synthetic antioxidants had similar growth performance with the chickens fed with FGP but had better body weight ( = 0.003) and feed conversion ratio ( = 0.045) compared with the chickens fed with GP. The obtained results showed that FGP can be used as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants in broiler diets.
本研究调查了生葡萄渣（GP）和发酵葡萄渣（FGP）对肉鸡生长性能、一些胴体参数、抗氧化状态、肠道形态以及选定细菌种类的影响。葡萄渣用[具体发酵剂名称缺失]发酵7天。总共140只1日龄雄性雏鸡（罗斯308）被随机分为四个处理组，每组五个重复，每个重复七只鸡。给鸡喂食基础日粮（CON）或添加0.25 g/kg合成抗氧化剂（5%丁基羟基甲苯、1%丁基羟基茴香醚和11%乙氧基喹啉）的基础日粮（AO），或15 g/kg GP（GP），或15 g/kg FGP（FGP），持续42天。日粮中的GP提高了血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（P = 0.031）和超氧化物歧化酶（P = 0.021）水平，增加了回肠肌层厚度（P = 0.016），并且不影响肉鸡盲肠中选定的细菌种类。日粮中的FGP改善了体重（P = 0.003），提高了血清过氧化氢酶水平（P = 0.032），并降低了盲肠大肠杆菌数量（P = 0.033），但不影响肉鸡的回肠形态。添加GP或FGP均未改变鸡的胴体参数、丙二醛水平、pH值和胸肉颜色。喂食合成抗氧化剂的鸡与喂食FGP的鸡生长性能相似，但与喂食GP的鸡相比，体重（P = 0.003）和饲料转化率（P = 0.045）更好。所得结果表明，FGP可作为肉鸡日粮中合成抗氧化剂的替代品。
