Departament of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n., 18071 Granada, Spain; Ph.D. Programme in Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Spain.
Departament of Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja, s.n., 18071 Granada, Spain; Ph.D. Programme in Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Spain.
Food Res Int. 2021 Mar;141:110149. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110149. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
Human milk (HM) has been proven to have important and essential antioxidant properties to counteract infant susceptibility to oxidative stress. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites which come from plants and are potent natural antioxidants. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method used in the present study allowed the quantification of 26 phenolic compounds (ten hydroxybenzoic acids, seven hydroxycinnamic acids, four flavonoids, three hydroxybenzaldehydes and two other polyphenols) in HM samples at different stages of lactation (colostrum, transitional milk and mature milk) and infant formulas (IF). Many of the phenolic compounds identified have been reported to be present in HM for the first time. The total phenolic compound content (TPC) was quantified using the Folin assay and the antioxidant activity (AC) was evaluated with the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Significant differences were evidenced between HM and IF. HM from mothers with an adherence to a Mediterranean diet contained twice as many individual phenolic compounds as infant formulas, with a higher proportion of hydroxybenzoic acids. Conversely, IF showed a higher proportion of hydroxycinnamic acids. Overall, the antioxidant activity of HM showed small variations during lactation.
人乳（HM）已被证明具有重要和必需的抗氧化特性，可抵抗婴儿易受氧化应激的影响。酚类化合物是来自植物的次生代谢物，是有效的天然抗氧化剂。本研究中使用的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）方法能够定量分析不同泌乳阶段（初乳、过渡乳和成熟乳）和婴儿配方奶（IF）中 26 种酚类化合物（十种羟基苯甲酸、七种羟基肉桂酸、四种类黄酮、三种羟基苯甲醛和两种其他多酚）。其中许多酚类化合物是首次在人乳中被发现。采用 Folin 法测定总酚含量（TPC），采用 DPPH、ABTS 和 FRAP 法测定抗氧化活性（AC）。人乳和 IF 之间存在显著差异。遵循地中海饮食的母亲的人乳中含有两倍于婴儿配方奶的个体酚类化合物，其中羟基苯甲酸的比例更高。相反，IF 中羟基肉桂酸的比例更高。总的来说，人乳的抗氧化活性在哺乳期内变化不大。
