Alehegn Agumas Alemu, Aklilu Robel Gursm, Tadesse Kaleab Ayalew, Tegegne Bantayehu Addis, Kifle Zemene Demelash
Department of Pharmacy, Lumame Primary Hospital, Lumame, Ethiopia.
Debremarkos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Pharmacy Department, Debremarkos, Ethiopia.
Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2021 Feb 19;13:59-69. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S286242. eCollection 2021.
Irrational use of drugs has been one of the major problems around the globe. However, the degree of the problem is higher in developing countries like Ethiopia. The WHO has developed several indicators to evaluate the practices of drug use. This study aimed to assess the overall drug use practices using standard WHO indicators in Lumame Primary Hospital.
Hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was employed to investigate the overall drug use practices at the hospital. Six hundred prescriptions were selected from a total of 19,242 prescriptions by systematic sampling technique over one year from July 1, 2019, to June 30, 2020, in a retrospective review. For the patient care study, 100 patients were selected for collecting the required information. Facility indicators were assessed by checking the availability of STG/formularies and essential drugs. The results were interpreted according to the standard values of WHO.
All 600 sampled prescriptions were 100% standard. Weight, dosage form, and quantity were written in 1.5-13.3% of the prescriptions. Patient address was recorded in 51%, while qualification of prescriber and dispenser were recorded in 71.5% and 56% of the cases, respectively, but all other information were complete in 88.5-100% of the prescriptions. The mean number of drugs per encounter, generic prescribing, prescribing from essential drug list, encounters with antibiotics and injectable drugs were 2.3, 97.9%, 99.8%, 48.8%, and 11.2%, respectively. The average dispensing time was found to be 171.9 seconds. Percentage of actually dispensed drugs, adequacy of labeling, patient knowledge, and patient satisfaction were 95.3%, 22.6%, 83%, and 88%, respectively. About 92% of tracer drugs and all reading materials, except national drug list and facility-level drug formulary, were available in the study period.
Generally, appreciable results were obtained for most of the indicators but improvement in antibiotic prescribing, polypharmacy and labeling practice is recommended.
药物的不合理使用一直是全球主要问题之一。然而，在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家，该问题的严重程度更高。世界卫生组织（WHO）制定了多项指标来评估药物使用情况。本研究旨在使用WHO标准指标评估卢马梅初级医院的总体药物使用情况。
采用基于医院的回顾性横断面研究来调查该医院的总体药物使用情况。在2019年7月1日至2020年6月30日的一年时间里，通过系统抽样技术从总共19242张处方中选取了600张处方进行回顾性审查。对于患者护理研究，选取了100名患者来收集所需信息。通过检查基本药物目录/处方集和基本药物的可用性来评估机构指标。结果根据WHO的标准值进行解读。
所有600份抽样处方均为100%标准。1.5% - 13.3%的处方中记录了体重、剂型和剂量。51%的处方记录了患者地址，而分别有71.5%和56%的病例记录了开处方者和配药者的资质，但88.5% - 100%的处方中所有其他信息均完整。每次就诊的平均用药数量、通用名处方开具、从基本药物清单中开出处方、使用抗生素和注射药物的就诊比例分别为2.3、97.9%、99.8%、48.8%和11.2%。平均配药时间为171.9秒。实际配药药物的百分比、标签的充分性、患者知识和患者满意度分别为95.3%、22.6%、83%和88%。在研究期间，约92%的追踪药物以及除国家药品目录和机构级药品处方集之外的所有阅读材料均有提供。
总体而言，大多数指标取得了可观的结果，但建议在抗生素处方开具、联合用药和标签实践方面加以改进。
