使用世界卫生组织的处方、患者护理和机构指标评估埃塞俄比亚德布雷塔博尔综合专科医院的处方完整性和合理用药模式：一项横断面研究。
Evaluation of prescription completeness, rational drug-use patterns using WHO prescribing, patient-care and facility indicators in Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Yimer Yohannes Shumet, Addis Getu Tesfaw, Alemu Muluken Adela
机构信息
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
出版信息
SAGE Open Med. 2022 Sep 6;10:20503121221122422. doi: 10.1177/20503121221122422. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
Irrational medicine use results in diseases worsening, disability, death, and wastage of limited resources. This study was predominantly aimed to evaluate the rationality of medicine use patterns by assessing prescribing, patient-care, and facility indicators at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital by using World Health Organization core drug use indicators.
METHODS
A cross-sectional design was conducted to collect prescribing indicator data from 780 prescriptions retrospectively from 1 July 2020 to 30 June 2021 at outpatient pharmacy of the hospital and exit interview was held prospectively on 150 patients to evaluate patient-care indicators. In addition, indicators for health-facility were assessed by actual observation of the presence of different guidelines. Descriptive analysis of the collected data was computed using SPSS version 25.
RESULT
Totally, 1521 drugs were prescribed to 780 encounters. On average, 1.95 drugs were prescribed per prescription. Percentage of encounters by generic name, encounters with antibiotics and injection, and drugs from essential drug list were 99.9%, 35.4%, 15.3%, and 100%, respectively. From healthcare provider-related information, the names of prescribers and dispensers were correctly written in 93.59% and 77.69%, respectively. Frequency (97.18%) and route (86.15%) of drug administration were better stated in the reviewed encounters, whereas dosage form is poorly stated (7.44%). Labeling of dispensed medicine was obtained for only 10% of patients and patient knowledge for correct dose was 94%. Availability of facility indicators was 95%.
CONCLUSION
From the results of this study, it is possible to conclude that the prescribing, patient-care, and facility indicators did not fulfill many World Health Organization standards. Therefore, it is important if all prescribers, dispensers, patients themselves, and the governing bodies take an action to improve the prescribing and patient-care indicators for the best of the end users.
目的
不合理用药会导致疾病恶化、残疾、死亡以及有限资源的浪费。本研究主要旨在通过使用世界卫生组织核心药物使用指标评估德布雷塔博尔综合专科医院的处方、患者护理和机构指标，来评价用药模式的合理性。
方法
采用横断面设计，回顾性收集2020年7月1日至2021年6月30日期间该医院门诊药房780张处方的处方指标数据，并前瞻性地对150名患者进行出院访谈以评估患者护理指标。此外，通过实际观察不同指南的存在情况来评估卫生机构指标。使用SPSS 25版对收集的数据进行描述性分析。
结果
总共为780人次开了1521种药物。平均每张处方开具1.95种药物。使用通用名的人次百分比、使用抗生素和注射剂的人次以及基本药物清单中的药物百分比分别为99.9%、35.4%、15.3%和100%。从医疗服务提供者相关信息来看，开处方者和配药者的姓名正确填写率分别为93.59%和77.69%。在审查的人次中，给药频率（97.18%）和给药途径（86.15%）表述较好，而剂型表述较差（7.44%）。仅10%的患者获得了调配药品的标签，患者对正确剂量的知晓率为94%。机构指标的可获得性为95%。
结论
从本研究结果可以得出结论，处方、患者护理和机构指标未达到世界卫生组织的许多标准。因此，所有开处方者、配药者、患者自身以及管理机构采取行动改善处方和患者护理指标以造福最终用户非常重要。
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