Nourbakhsh Kimya, Yadav Smita
Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Front Cell Neurosci. 2021 Feb 10;15:624648. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2021.624648. eCollection 2021.
Dendrites undergo extensive growth and remodeling during their lifetime. Specification of neurites into dendrites is followed by their arborization, maturation, and functional integration into synaptic networks. Each of these distinct developmental processes is spatially and temporally controlled in an exquisite fashion. Protein kinases through their highly specific substrate phosphorylation regulate dendritic growth and plasticity. Perturbation of kinase function results in aberrant dendritic growth and synaptic function. Not surprisingly, kinase dysfunction is strongly associated with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Herein, we review, (a) key kinase pathways that regulate dendrite structure, function and plasticity, (b) how aberrant kinase signaling contributes to dendritic dysfunction in neurological disorders and (c) emergent technologies that can be applied to dissect the role of protein kinases in dendritic structure and function.
树突在其生命周期中经历广泛的生长和重塑。神经突分化为树突后，会进行分支、成熟，并在功能上整合到突触网络中。这些不同的发育过程中的每一个都以一种精确的方式在空间和时间上受到控制。蛋白激酶通过其高度特异性的底物磷酸化来调节树突的生长和可塑性。激酶功能的紊乱会导致树突生长异常和突触功能异常。毫不奇怪，激酶功能障碍与神经发育和精神疾病密切相关。在此，我们综述：(a) 调节树突结构、功能和可塑性的关键激酶途径；(b) 异常的激酶信号传导如何导致神经疾病中的树突功能障碍；以及 (c) 可用于剖析蛋白激酶在树突结构和功能中作用的新兴技术。
