González-Blanco G, Casas-Reyes A, Velasco-Garduño O, Ruiz-Gómez M L, Aguirre-Garrido J F, Beristain-Cardoso R
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo, Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca km 15.5, CP 50200 Toluca, Edo. de México México.
Departamento de Recursos de La Tierra, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Av. Hidalgo Poniente 46, Col. La Estación, CP 52006 Lerma, Edo. de México México.
3 Biotech. 2021 Mar;11(3):123. doi: 10.1007/s13205-021-02671-5. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
Industrial wastewater discharges pose an environmental risk. Here, the effectiveness of an up-flow vertical hybrid system, operating with synthetic and industrial wastewater was investigated, as a new approach to perform nitrification/denitrification and desulfurization within a single reactor. The hybrid reactor is divided in two reaction zones, the oxic and anoxic. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium, and sulfide was investigated, highlighting changes in microbial diversity. The reactor was evaluated at hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 1.6 days, and its performance throughout 180 days is presented in four stages. In stages I-II, high COD and ammonium removal was obtained with synthetic wastewater. In stage-III, sulfide-rich synthetic wastewater did not alter the system, attaining COD, ammonium, and sulfide removal efficiencies of 81, 99.5, and 99.7%, respectively. In the last stage, a mixture of effluents was fed into the reactor at loading rates of 277 mg COD/L-d, 46.5 mg NH -N /L-d, and 15 mg HS-S /L-d. Sulfide and ammonium removals were 100% and 99.9%, respectively. However, low COD removal was observed, being of 51%, and the system removed 97% in terms of BOD. The structure and microbial diversity also changed. Sulfide feeding, induced the proliferation of sulfur oxidizers like and . Industrial wastewater enhanced the abundance of (15.53%) and favored the proliferation of new bacteria of the genus (2.98%) and (7.56%). This is the first study reporting simultaneous nitrification/denitrification and desulfurization to remove ammonium, COD and sulfide from complex industrial wastewater using an up-flow vertical hybrid reactor.
工业废水排放带来环境风险。在此，研究了一种上流式垂直混合系统处理合成废水和工业废水的效果，这是一种在单个反应器内进行硝化/反硝化和脱硫的新方法。混合反应器分为两个反应区，好氧区和缺氧区。研究了化学需氧量（COD）、铵和硫化物的去除情况，并突出了微生物多样性的变化。在水力停留时间（HRT）为1.6天的条件下对该反应器进行了评估，并分四个阶段展示了其在180天内的性能。在第一至第二阶段，使用合成废水实现了较高的COD和铵去除率。在第三阶段，富含硫化物的合成废水并未改变系统，COD、铵和硫化物的去除效率分别达到81%、99.5%和99.7%。在最后阶段，以277mg COD/L-d、46.5mg NH -N /L-d和15mg HS-S /L-d的负荷率将混合废水进料到反应器中。硫化物和铵的去除率分别为100%和99.9%。然而，观察到COD去除率较低，为51%，该系统对生化需氧量（BOD）的去除率为97%。结构和微生物多样性也发生了变化。硫化物的加入促使硫氧化菌如 和 增殖。工业废水增加了 的丰度（15.53%），并有利于 属（2.98%）和 属（7.56%）新细菌的增殖。这是第一项报道使用上流式垂直混合反应器同时进行硝化/反硝化和脱硫以从复杂工业废水中去除铵、COD和硫化物的研究。
