Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2021 Apr;33(14):e2005424. doi: 10.1002/adma.202005424. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
Viruses not only pose severe threats to public health, but also influence the development of society. Over the past decade, rapid advances have been seen in the application of nanomaterials to virus research. As an interdisciplinary field, nanotechnology offers powerful functions because the structures of nanomaterials are unique, with remarkable physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. Nanomaterials have been developed for virus detection and tracking and for antiviral strategies, to better understand viruses and reduce viral infections, implying a bright future for this field. Herein, the recent advances are systematically summarized regarding the nanomaterials used in viral studies. Representative applications of nanomaterials to viral detection and tracking are described. The antiviral effects achieved with nanomaterials based on different mechanisms are also described, including entry inhibition, inhibition of viral replication, and immunological enhancement. The current challenges and future opportunities in this promising field are also discussed.
病毒不仅对公众健康构成严重威胁，还影响社会发展。在过去的十年中，纳米材料在病毒研究中的应用取得了快速进展。作为一个跨学科领域，纳米技术提供了强大的功能，因为纳米材料的结构独特，具有显著的物理化学性质和优异的生物相容性。已经开发出纳米材料用于病毒检测和跟踪以及抗病毒策略，以更好地了解病毒并减少病毒感染，这意味着该领域前景光明。本文系统总结了用于病毒研究的纳米材料的最新进展。描述了纳米材料在病毒检测和跟踪方面的代表性应用。还描述了基于不同机制的纳米材料实现的抗病毒效果，包括进入抑制、病毒复制抑制和免疫增强。还讨论了这个充满希望的领域当前的挑战和未来的机遇。
