Yan Hong-Yuan, Liu Yin, Xu Yang, Fang Yan, Guo Lan-Ping, Liu Da-Hui
Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource Science and Chemistry in Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Hubei 430065, China.
Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource Science and Chemistry in Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine Hubei 430065, China State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Ceter for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2021 Jan;46(2):272-280. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20201023.101.
In this study, 23 germplasm resources of Chrysanthemum morifolium used in medicine and tea were collected from Dabie Mountains and its surrounding producing areas, and the contents of 13 mineral elements were determined and compared. The thermal maps of correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used for comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the average content of each element in Ch. morifolium of different germplasm resources was: K>N>P>Mg>Ca>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cr>Pb>Cd, and the leaves were: K>N>Ca>Mg>P>Fe>Mn>Zn>Cr>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cd. There are rich contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Fe in Ch. morifolium flowers and their leaves, among them, K element has the largest change range, while N, Ca, Fe, Mg and Zn elements have a larger change range. The absorption and accumulation of each element in the leaves of different germplasm resources varied greatly. The correlation analysis shows that there is a strong positive correlation between Ca element, Mg, Mn and Cd element.Principal component analysis in Ch. morifolium flowers characteristic elements for Mn, Cr, Cu, P, K, can be used as a Ch. morifolium resources to identify the characteristics of the elements, choose top five principal component(F1-F5) comprehensive evalua-tion of medicinal Ch. morifolium, scored in the top five varieties for Hangiu-Fuhuangju, Hangju-Xiaoyangju, Hangju-Sheyangju, Hangju-Dayanghua, Hangju-Subeiju,indicates that in terms of mineral elements, the five medicinal Ch. morifolium resources quality is better. The PCA score chart can divide 23 Ch. morifolium resources into 4 groups, and the cluster analysis heat map divides 23 Ch. morifolium resources into 5 groups. All the Ch. morifolium resources of the same type can be well clustered together, indicating that the difference in mineral element content of Ch. morifolium germplasm resources is closely related to genetic factors.
本研究从大别山区及其周边产区收集了23份药用和茶用菊花种质资源，测定并比较了13种矿质元素的含量。利用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析的热图进行综合评价。结果表明，不同种质资源菊花中各元素的平均含量为：钾＞氮＞磷＞镁＞钙＞铁＞锰＞锌＞铜＞镍＞铬＞铅＞镉，叶片中各元素平均含量为：钾＞氮＞钙＞镁＞磷＞铁＞锰＞锌＞铬＞铜＞镍＞铅＞镉。菊花花及其叶片中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁和铁含量丰富，其中钾元素变化幅度最大，而氮、钙、铁、镁和锌元素变化幅度较大。不同种质资源叶片中各元素的吸收和积累差异较大。相关性分析表明，钙元素、镁、锰和镉元素之间存在极显著正相关。菊花花的主成分分析特征元素为锰、铬、铜、磷、钾，可作为菊花资源鉴定的特征元素，选取前5个主成分（F1-F5）对药用菊花进行综合评价，得分排名前5的品种为杭菊-福黄菊、杭菊-小洋菊、杭菊-蛇洋菊、杭菊-大洋花、杭菊-苏白菊，表明在矿质元素方面，这5份药用菊花资源品质较好。主成分分析得分图可将23份菊花资源分为4组，聚类分析热图可将23份菊花资源分为5组。同一类型的菊花资源均可很好地聚类在一起，表明菊花种质资源矿质元素含量差异与遗传因素密切相关。
