Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BC, V8W 3V6 Canada.
Chem Soc Rev. 2021 Apr 26;50(8):4812-4832. doi: 10.1039/d0cs00495b.
Synthetic molecular recognition systems are increasingly being used to solve applied problems in the life sciences, and bio-targeted host-guest chemistry has rapidly arisen as a major field of fundamental research. This tutorial review presents a set of fundamental lessons on how host-guest molecular recognition can be programmed in water. The review uses informative examples of aqueous host-guest chemistry organized around generalizable themes and lessons, building towards lessons focused on molecular recognition in salty solutions and biological fluids. It includes selected examples of macrocyclic host systems that work well, as well as common pitfalls and how to avoid them. The review closes with a survey of the most important and inspirational recent advances, which involve host-guest chemistry in living cells and organisms.
人工分子识别体系在解决生命科学中的实际问题方面得到了越来越多的应用，而生物靶向主体-客体化学也迅速成为基础研究的一个主要领域。本综述介绍了一套基本原理，说明了如何在水中设计主体-客体分子识别。综述通过围绕可概括的主题和原理组织的有趣的水相主体-客体化学实例，构建了聚焦于盐溶液和生物流体中分子识别的原理。其中包括一些大环主体体系的成功实例，以及常见的陷阱和避免方法。综述以对涉及活细胞和生物体中主体-客体化学的最重要和最具启发性的最新进展的调查结束。
