Cerón-Enriquez Norma, García-Saldivia Marianna A, Lara-Vargas Jorge A, Núñez-Urquiza Juan P, Alonso-Sánchez J Jesús, Silva-Torres J Jesús, Pérez-Gámez Juan C, Pacheco-Beltrán Nancy, Alcocer-Gamba Marco A
Unidad de Rehabilitación Cardiopulmonar, Centro Cardiopulmonar, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla, Pue. México.
Servicio de Cardiología, Unidad de Rehabilitación Cardiovascular, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Ixtapaluca, Estado de México, México.
Arch Cardiol Mex. 2021 Dec 20;91(Suplemento COVID):102-109. doi: 10.24875/ACM.20000507.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020; one consequence has been the increase in sedentary lifestyle and reduction of sports activity. Exercise benefits the immune defense system especially in older adults; it is recommended to keep a distance of 1.5 meters between people, and if walking or jogging is carried out, the space must be up to 5 and 10 meters respectively. The reported cases are mostly mild up to 80% and can be critical in up to 4.7%; the risk factors are well known, hypertension, diabetes and previous heart disease. Severe or critical cases present as symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and in the case of cardiovascular disease, they mainly occur as myopericarditis, acute coronary syndromes, cardiogenic shock, thrombotic events, among others. Returning to exercise after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is always recommended, however it will depend on the clinical picture what measures should be taken prior to its onset, and it is in moderate cases and especially in the severe ones where the evaluation and prescription prior to returning to exercise or sport should be guided by medical personnel experts in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, especially in athletes.
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)于2020年3月11日被宣布为大流行病;其后果之一是久坐不动的生活方式增加,体育活动减少。运动有益于免疫防御系统,尤其是对老年人;建议人与人之间保持1.5米的距离,如果进行步行或慢跑,空间分别必须达到5米和10米。报告的病例中,高达80%为轻症,高达4.7%可能为重症;危险因素众所周知,包括高血压、糖尿病和既往心脏病。重症或危重症病例表现为急性呼吸窘迫综合征的症状,而对于心血管疾病,主要表现为心肌炎、急性冠状动脉综合征、心源性休克、血栓形成事件等。从严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)感染中康复后总是建议恢复运动,然而,在开始运动之前应采取何种措施将取决于临床表现,并且在中度病例尤其是重度病例中,恢复运动或体育活动之前的评估和处方应由心肺康复方面的医学专家指导,尤其是对运动员而言。