Centre of Advanced Surface Engineering and Advanced Materials, Asociación de la Industria Navarra, Ctra. Pamplona, s/n, Edificio AIN, C.P. 31191, Cordovilla, Navarra (Spain).
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2021 May 1;21(5):2705-2741. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19062.
The unique properties of magnetic nanoparticles have led them to be considered materials with significant potential in the biomedical field. Nanometric size, high surface-area ratio, ability to function at molecular level, exceptional magnetic and physicochemical properties, and more importantly, the relatively easy tailoring of all these properties to the specific requirements of the different biomedical applications, are some of the key factors of their success. In this paper, we will provide an overview of the state of the art of different aspects of magnetic nanoparticles, specially focusing on their use in biomedicine. We will explore their magnetic properties, synthetic methods and surface modifications, as well as their most significative physicochemical properties and their impact on the behaviour of these particles. Furthermore, we will provide a background on different applications of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedicine, such as magnetic drug targeting, magnetic hyperthermia, imaging contrast agents or theranostics. Besides, current limitations and challenges of these materials, as well as their future prospects in the biomedical field will be discussed.
磁性纳米粒子的独特性质使它们被认为是在生物医学领域具有重要潜力的材料。纳米尺寸、高表面积比、在分子水平上的功能能力、特殊的磁性和物理化学性质，更重要的是，相对容易地根据不同生物医学应用的具体要求定制所有这些性质，这些都是它们成功的关键因素之一。在本文中，我们将概述磁性纳米粒子的不同方面的最新进展，特别是聚焦于它们在生物医学中的应用。我们将探讨它们的磁性、合成方法和表面修饰，以及它们最重要的物理化学性质及其对这些粒子行为的影响。此外，我们将提供磁性纳米粒子在生物医学中的不同应用的背景信息，例如磁性药物靶向、磁热疗、成像对比剂或治疗诊断。除此之外，还将讨论这些材料目前的局限性和挑战，以及它们在生物医学领域的未来前景。
