Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain; Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Food Hygiene and Safety, Meat and Meat Products Research Institute, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
Food Microbiol. 2021 Aug;97:103741. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103741. Epub 2021 Jan 20.
Tomato fruit is susceptible to Alternaria spp. spoilage, which poses a health risk due to their mycotoxin production. Biopreservation relies on the use of whole microorganisms or their metabolites to manage spoilage microorganisms including filamentous fungi. However, the use of treatments at fungistatic level might activate intracellular pathways, which can cause an increment in mycotoxin accumulation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of two strains of Debaryomyces hansenii and the antifungal protein PgAFP at 10 and 40 μg/mL. Both growth and production of two of the most common mycotoxins (tenuazonic acid and alternariol monomethyl ether) by Alternaria tenuissima sp.-grp. and Alternaria arborescens sp.-grp. on a tomato-based matrix, were analysed at 12 °C. Additionally, the impact of these biocontrol agents on the stress-related RHO1 gene expression was assessed. All treatments reduced mycotoxin accumulation (from 27 to 92% of inhibition). Their mode of action against Alternaria spp. in tomato seems unrelated to damages to fungal cell wall integrity at the genomic level. Therefore, the two D. hansenii strains (CECT 10352 and CECT 10353) and the antifungal protein PgAFP at 10 μg/mL are suggested as biocontrol strategies in tomato fruit at postharvest stage.
番茄果实易受交链孢属腐败，由于其产生真菌毒素，对健康构成威胁。生物保鲜依赖于使用完整的微生物或其代谢物来管理腐败微生物，包括丝状真菌。然而，使用抑菌处理可能会激活细胞内途径，从而导致真菌毒素积累增加。本工作的目的是评估两种德巴利酵母（Debaryomyces hansenii）菌株和 10 和 40μg/mL 的抗菌蛋白 PgAFP 的效果。在 12°C 下，分析了交链孢属和拟枝孢属在番茄基质上生长和产生两种最常见真菌毒素（ tenuazonic acid 和 alternariol monomethyl ether）的情况。此外，还评估了这些生物防治剂对与应激相关的 RHO1 基因表达的影响。所有处理均减少了真菌毒素的积累（抑制率为 27%至 92%）。它们在番茄中对抗交链孢属的作用方式似乎与真菌细胞壁完整性在基因组水平上的损伤无关。因此，建议在番茄果实的采后阶段使用两种德巴利酵母（CECT 10352 和 CECT 10353）菌株和 10μg/mL 的抗菌蛋白 PgAFP 作为生物防治策略。
