Division of Movement Science, Research Department, Scottish Rite for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA; Department of Health Care Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA.
Division of Movement Science, Research Department, Scottish Rite for Children, Dallas, TX 75219, USA.
J Sport Health Sci. 2021 May;10(3):323-332. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.02.005. Epub 2021 Feb 28.
Daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is vital to the physical, mental, and social well-being of children. Early restrictions during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic included the closure of schools and physical activity (PA) amenities across the US. This study aimed to examine the impact of the pandemic on the PA and play behavior of U.S. children and to provide evidence-based recommendations to improve their PA.
A cross-sectional, online, parent-reported survey was conducted of children aged 3-18 years between April and June 2020 to assess light PA and MVPA using a modified Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Additional items included family/child socioeconomic demographics, child adaptability to the pandemic, and community access. The survey was shared through social media and snowball sampling distribution.
Analysis of 1310 surveys indicated child PA scores declined significantly during the pandemic (from 56.6 to 44.6, max 119, p < 0.001). Specifically, MVPA score decreased (from 46.7 to 34.7, max 98, p < 0.001) while light PA remained the same. Age-based changes were seen in the quantity, variety, and intensity of PA, with the lowest pandemic-related impact seen in preschoolers and the highest in high schoolers (-4.7 vs. -17.2, p < 0.001). Community-based peer PA decreased across all age groups.
This study shows decreased PA levels in U.S. children, according to parent reporting, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations for community leaders, educators, and parents to improve PA in children are provided. With continued spread of COVID-19, these results and recommendations may be imperative to the physical well-being of U.S. children.
日常的中等到剧烈的身体活动（MVPA）对儿童的身心健康和社交福祉至关重要。在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，早期的限制措施包括关闭美国各地的学校和体育设施。本研究旨在调查大流行对美国儿童身体活动和玩耍行为的影响，并提供循证建议，以改善他们的身体活动水平。
2020 年 4 月至 6 月期间，采用改良的 Godin 休闲时间运动问卷，对 3-18 岁儿童进行了横断面、在线、家长报告的调查，以评估轻度身体活动和 MVPA。其他项目包括家庭/儿童社会经济人口统计学、儿童对大流行的适应能力和社区可及性。该调查通过社交媒体和滚雪球抽样分布进行分享。
对 1310 项调查的分析表明，儿童的身体活动评分在大流行期间显著下降（从 56.6 分降至 44.6 分，最高 119 分，p<0.001）。具体来说，MVPA 评分从 46.7 分降至 34.7 分（最高 98 分，p<0.001），而轻度身体活动则保持不变。根据年龄的变化，身体活动的数量、种类和强度也发生了变化，在学龄前儿童中受大流行影响最小（-4.7 分），在高中生中受大流行影响最大（-17.2 分，p<0.001）。所有年龄组的社区内同伴身体活动均减少。
根据家长报告，本研究显示美国儿童在 COVID-19 大流行期间身体活动水平下降。为改善儿童身体活动水平，为社区领导、教育工作者和家长提供了建议。随着 COVID-19 的持续传播，这些结果和建议可能对美国儿童的身体健康至关重要。
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