Yan Tong, Zhizhong Wang, Jianzhong Zheng, Yubo Ying, Jie Liu, Junjun Zhang, Guangtian Liu
Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health at Guangdong Medical University, DongGuan, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 15;12:566241. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.566241. eCollection 2021.
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, quarantine as an effective public health measure has been widely used in China and elsewhere to slow down the spread, while high-risk psychological response populations remain under-reported. The aim of the study is to investigate the depressive and anxiety symptoms among the high-risk individuals quarantined during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. An online survey was conducted from February 29 to April 10, 2020, among individuals quarantined for at least 2 weeks due to the high-risk exposure. Chinese versions of the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) with a seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) were applied to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Compliance with quarantine and knowledge of COVID-19 was also assessed. An unconditional logistic regression model was performed to identify the correlators. Of the 1,260 participants completing the full survey, 14.0% (95% CI: 12.2-16.1%), 7.1% (95% CI: 5.9-8.7%), and 6.3% (95% CI: 5.1-7.8%) had at least moderate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and a combination of depression and anxiety (CDA), respectively; 14.8% (95% CI: 13.0-16.9%) had at least one condition. Multivariate analysis showed that participants with an undergraduate or above degree were more likely to report depressive (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 1.56-5.72) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.14-7.63) than those with middle school education. Those who were unemployed (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.21-0.65 for depression; OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.14-0.73 for anxiety), students (OR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.04-0.48 for depression; OR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.85 for anxiety), and more knowledgeable of COVID-19 (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73-0.96 for depression, OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68-0.98 for anxiety) were less likely to report depressive and anxiety symptoms. Higher quarantine compliance correlated with lower risks of depressive (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.91-0.96) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98). Individuals under quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic suffered prevalent depressive and anxiety symptoms. Consequently, comprehensive interventional measures, including knowledge dissemination, timely virus tests, and strengthened communication, may minimize quarantine's adverse effects.
在2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，隔离作为一项有效的公共卫生措施在中国及其他地区被广泛采用，以减缓病毒传播，但高风险心理反应人群的情况仍未得到充分报告。本研究旨在调查中国COVID-19大流行期间被隔离的高风险个体的抑郁和焦虑症状。于2020年2月29日至4月10日对因高风险暴露而被隔离至少2周的个体进行了一项在线调查。分别采用中文版9项患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）和7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD-7）来评估抑郁和焦虑症状。同时评估了对隔离措施的依从性以及对COVID-19的了解情况。采用无条件逻辑回归模型来确定相关因素。在1260名完成全部调查的参与者中，分别有14.0%（95%置信区间：12.2 - 16.1%）、7.1%（95%置信区间：5.9 - 8.7%）和6.3%（95%置信区间：5.1 - 7.8%）至少有中度抑郁症状、焦虑症状以及抑郁和焦虑合并症状（CDA）；14.8%（95%置信区间：13.0 - 16.9%）至少有一种症状。多因素分析显示，本科及以上学历的参与者比初中学历的参与者更有可能报告抑郁（比值比[OR]=2.98，95%置信区间：1.56 - 5.72）和焦虑症状（OR = 2.95，95%置信区间：1.14 - 7.63）。失业者（抑郁的OR = 0.37，95%置信区间：0.21 - 0.65；焦虑的OR = 0.31，95%置信区间：0.14 - 0.73）、学生（抑郁的OR = 0.14，95%置信区间：0.04 - 0.48；焦虑的OR = 0.11，95%置信区间：0.01 - 0.85）以及对COVID-19了解较多的人（抑郁的OR = 0.84，95%置信区间：0.73 - 0.96；焦虑的OR = 0.82，95%置信区间：0.68 - 0.98）报告抑郁和焦虑症状的可能性较小。更高的隔离依从性与更低的抑郁风险（OR = 0.94，95%置信区间：0.91 - 0.96）和焦虑症状风险（OR = 0.95，95%置信区间：0.91 - 0.98）相关。COVID-19大流行期间被隔离的个体普遍存在抑郁和焦虑症状。因此，包括知识传播、及时病毒检测和加强沟通在内的综合干预措施，可能会将隔离的不利影响降至最低。
