School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
Pharm Res. 2021 Mar;38(3):473-478. doi: 10.1007/s11095-021-03015-x. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
The COVID-19 pandemic has left scientists and clinicians no choice but a race to find solutions to save lives while controlling the rapid spreading. Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccines have become the front-runners because of their safety profiles, precise and reproducible immune response with more cost-effective and faster production than other types of vaccines. However, the physicochemical properties of naked mRNA necessitate innovative delivery technologies to ferry these 'messengers' to ribosomes inside cells by crossing various barriers and subsequently induce an immune response. Intracellular delivery followed by endosomal escape represents the key strategies for cytoplasmic delivery of mRNA vaccines to the target. This Perspective provides insights into how state-of-the-art nanotechnology helps break the delivery barriers and advance the development of mRNA vaccines. The challenges remaining and future perspectives are outlined.
标题：信使 RNA（mRNA）疫苗的纳米递送系统：突破传递障碍，推进疫苗开发
摘要：COVID-19 大流行使得科学家和临床医生别无选择，只能竞相寻找解决方案，在控制快速传播的同时拯救生命。信使 RNA（mRNA）疫苗因其安全性、精确且可重现的免疫反应以及比其他类型疫苗更具成本效益和更快的生产速度而成为领先者。然而，裸露的 mRNA 的物理化学性质需要创新的递药技术，通过跨越各种障碍将这些“信使”递送至细胞内的核糖体，从而诱导免疫反应。细胞内递送至内涵体逃逸是 mRNA 疫苗细胞质递送至靶标的关键策略。本文观点深入探讨了最先进的纳米技术如何帮助克服递药障碍并推进 mRNA 疫苗的开发。本文还概述了仍然存在的挑战和未来展望。
