Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021 Feb;25(4):2131-2145. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202102_25119.
The world is currently facing the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Due to a lack of specific treatment and prophylaxis, protective health measures that can reduce infection severity and COVID-19 mortality are urgently required. Clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency can be linked to an increased risk of viral infection, including COVID-19. Therefore, in this review, we looked at various possible roles of vitamin D in reducing the risk of COVID-19 infection and severity. We describe in this article that individuals at high risk of vitamin D deficiency should consider taking vitamin D supplements to keep optimal concentrations. Moreover, we discuss different possible mechanisms by which vitamin D can efficiently reduce the risk of infections through modulation of innate and adaptive immunity against various types of infections. It is advisable to perform further studies addressing the observed influence of vitamin D levels to reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality.
目前，世界正面临由新型严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的 COVID-19 大流行。由于缺乏特定的治疗和预防措施，因此迫切需要能够降低感染严重程度和 COVID-19 死亡率的保护健康措施。临床和流行病学研究表明，维生素 D 缺乏可能与病毒感染风险增加有关，包括 COVID-19。因此，在本次综述中，我们探讨了维生素 D 降低 COVID-19 感染风险和严重程度的各种可能作用。我们在本文中描述了，维生素 D 缺乏风险高的个体应考虑服用维生素 D 补充剂以保持最佳浓度。此外，我们还讨论了维生素 D 通过调节针对各种类型感染的先天和适应性免疫来有效降低感染风险的不同可能机制。建议进行进一步的研究，以探讨观察到的维生素 D 水平对降低 COVID-19 感染和死亡率的影响。
