Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, 20100, Aguascalientes, México.
Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Av. Morones Prieto 3000 Pte, Los Doctores, 64710, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
Virus Genes. 2022 Dec;58(6):501-514. doi: 10.1007/s11262-022-01932-6. Epub 2022 Sep 9.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes lower respiratory tract infections and bronchiolitis, mainly affecting children under 2 years of age and immunocompromised patients. Currently, there are no available vaccines or efficient pharmacological treatments against RSV. In recent years, tremendous efforts have been directed to understand the pathological mechanisms of the disease and generate a vaccine against RSV. Although RSV is highly infectious, not all the patients who get infected develop bronchiolitis and severe disease. Through various sequencing studies, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been discovered in diverse receptors, cytokines, and transcriptional regulators with crucial role in the activation of the innate immune response, which is implicated in the susceptibility to develop or protect from severe forms of the infection. In this review, we highlighted how variations in the key genes affect the development of innate immune response against RSV. This data would provide crucial information about the mechanisms of viral infection, and in the future, could help in generation of new strategies for vaccine development or generation of the pharmacological treatments.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）引起下呼吸道感染和细支气管炎，主要影响 2 岁以下儿童和免疫功能低下的患者。目前，尚无针对 RSV 的可用疫苗或有效的药物治疗方法。近年来，人们为了深入了解疾病的病理机制并研发 RSV 疫苗付出了巨大努力。尽管 RSV 具有高度传染性，但并非所有感染的患者都会出现细支气管炎和严重疾病。通过各种测序研究，在先天免疫反应激活中具有关键作用的各种受体、细胞因子和转录调节剂中发现了单核苷酸多态性（SNP），这与发生或免受严重感染形式的易感性有关。在这篇综述中，我们强调了关键基因的变异如何影响针对 RSV 的先天免疫反应的发展。这些数据将提供有关病毒感染机制的关键信息，并且在未来，可能有助于为疫苗开发或药物治疗的产生提供新的策略。
