Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
Technical University of Berlin, Germany.
Health Policy. 2021 Apr;125(4):425-435. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.02.003. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
Increased electronic cigarette (ECIG) use has motivated new regulations to address the changing landscape of tobacco use and promote public health.
This policy scan compares ECIG prevalence and regulations in the European Union (EU), Canada, and the United States (US) at the federal- and local-level to foster a policy dialogue around modern tobacco prevention and control regulations.
Among young adults, 40 % in the US, 29 % in Canada, and 28 % in the EU report ever using an ECIG. Results from the policy scan find significant variation in approach to regulating ECIGs. EU member states are subject to the most stringent requirements regarding nicotine concentration regulations, and several member states have also opted to ban flavors and/or require plain packaging or out of sight retail sales. Among EU and US states, taxation is a popular strategy, though taxing strategies vary widely. Regarding youth use, US states have led the way for increasing the legal age of sale to 21 at the federal level, and in Canada recent federal regulations are innovative in their approach to banning advertising that may appeal to youth.
Strategies to achieve public health goals related to ECIGs vary widely, with federalism playing an important role in policy innovation, offering opportunities to evaluate their effectiveness and inform future regulations.
电子烟（ECIG）使用量的增加促使出台了新的法规，以应对不断变化的烟草使用情况，并促进公共健康。
本政策扫描比较了欧盟、加拿大和美国在联邦和地方层面上电子烟的流行程度和监管情况，以促进围绕现代烟草预防和控制法规的政策对话。
在年轻人中，美国有 40%、加拿大有 29%、欧盟有 28%的人报告曾经使用过电子烟。政策扫描结果发现，对电子烟的监管方法存在显著差异。欧盟成员国在尼古丁浓度法规方面受到最严格的要求，一些成员国还选择禁止口味，并要求采用素包装或隐藏式零售销售。在欧盟和美国各州，税收是一种流行的策略，尽管税收策略差异很大。关于青少年使用，美国各州率先在联邦层面上将销售法定年龄提高到 21 岁，加拿大最近的联邦法规在禁止可能吸引年轻人的广告方面采取了创新的方法。
实现与电子烟相关的公共健康目标的策略差异很大，联邦制在政策创新中发挥了重要作用，为评估其效果和为未来的法规提供了机会。
