Mezmur Haymanot, Assefa Nega, Alemayehu Tadesse
College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Int J Womens Health. 2021 Feb 26;13:267-278. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S287715. eCollection 2021.
Teenage pregnancy is a global issue raising concerns for all who are interested in the health and well-being of young women and their children. It carries major health and social issues with unique medical and psychosocial consequences for both adolescents and society in general. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with teenage pregnancy in eastern Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Multi-stage simple random sampling procedure was used to select 2258 female teenagers. Interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were entered into EpiData and analyzed using stata software. The Poisson regression model with robust variance estimation was used to examine the association of the independent variable with teenage pregnancy. An adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was reported.
The prevalence of teenage pregnancy was 30.2% (95% CI: 28.3, 32.1). Age 16-17 years old (APR=7.05; 95% CI: 4.15,11.96), 17-18 years old (APR=9.85; 95% CI: 5.72,16.98), not being in school (APR=2.83; 95% CI: 1.93,4.16), lack of formal education (APR=1.11; 95% CI: 1.03,1.19), being married (APR=3.59; 95% CI: 2.83,4.56), parental divorce (APR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.08,1.42), having elder sister who had a history of teenage pregnancy (APR=1.11; 95% CI: 1.02,1.21), and not knowing fertile period in menstrual cycle (APR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.16,1.47) were independently associated with teenage pregnancy.
One in three teenagers had been pregnant. Age, not being in school, lack of formal education, being married, parental divorce, having an elder sister who had a history of teenage pregnancy, and not knowing fertile period during the menstrual cycles were the factors associated with teenage pregnancy. In Ethiopia, further efforts are required in the prevention of teenage pregnancy, keeping girls in school and strengthening the policy of delaying child marriage, particularly in rural areas.
青少年怀孕是一个全球性问题，引起了所有关注年轻女性及其子女健康与福祉的人的担忧。它带来了重大的健康和社会问题，对青少年和整个社会都产生了独特的医学和心理社会后果。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东部青少年怀孕的患病率及其相关因素。
开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段简单随机抽样程序选取了2258名女性青少年。通过访谈员管理的问卷进行数据收集。数据录入EpiData并使用Stata软件进行分析。采用具有稳健方差估计的泊松回归模型来检验自变量与青少年怀孕之间的关联。报告了调整患病率比（APR）及95%置信区间（CI）。
青少年怀孕的患病率为30.2%（95%CI：28.3，32.1）。年龄在16 - 17岁（APR = 7.05；95%CI：4.15，11.96）、17 - 18岁（APR = 9.85；95%CI：5.72，16.98）、未上学（APR = 2.83；95%CI：1.93，4.16）、缺乏正规教育（APR = 1.11；95%CI：1.03，1.19）、已婚（APR = 3.59；95%CI：2.83，4.56）、父母离异（APR = 1.24；95%CI：1.08，1.42）、有姐姐曾有青少年怀孕史（APR = 1.11；95%CI：1.02，1.21）以及不了解月经周期中的排卵期（APR = 1.31；95%CI：1.16，1.47）均与青少年怀孕独立相关。
三分之一的青少年曾怀孕。年龄、未上学、缺乏正规教育、已婚、父母离异、有姐姐曾有青少年怀孕史以及不了解月经周期中的排卵期是与青少年怀孕相关的因素。在埃塞俄比亚，需要进一步努力预防青少年怀孕，让女孩继续上学并加强推迟童婚的政策，特别是在农村地区。
