埃塞俄比亚中部西谢瓦地区犬类及其他物种感染的血清流行率及其相关风险因素
Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Canine and Species Infection in West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia.
作者信息
Marami Lencho Megersa, Gebremedhin Endrias Zewdu, Sarba Edilu Jorga, Tola Getachew Kebebew, Endalew Solomon Shiferaw, Melkamsew Asamenew Tesfaye, Di Marco Lo Presti Vincenzo, Vitale Maria
机构信息
Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Ambo University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Vet Med (Auckl). 2021 Feb 26;12:33-42. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S297155. eCollection 2021.
PURPOSE
Canine leptospirosis and brucellosis are significant zoonotic gram-negative bacterial diseases that affect humans and animal species. This study was aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and assess associated risk factors of canine and species infections in Ambo, Bako, and Gojo Towns, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.
METHODS
A total of 385 serum samples were collected from randomly selected dogs. Antibodies against and species infection were tested using the Enzyme-Linked immunosorbent Assay technique (ELISA). A structured questionnaire survey was administered to each dog-owning household to gather information on potential risk factors. The association between independent and outcome variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test followed by univariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS
The overall seroprevalence of and species infections were found to be 15.06% (95% confidence interval (ci): 11.64-19.04%) and 4.16% (95% ci: 2.39-6.67%), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the town was the significant risk factor of species infection seropositivity. Accordingly, dogs found in Gojo ((odds ratio (OR)): 17.72 CI: 1.17-117.54, p=0.036) and Bako (OR: 7.99, 95% CI: 0.96-66.37), p=0.054 towns were more at risk to be infected with species than dogs living in Ambo.
CONCLUSION
The seroprevalence of and species infections in dogs of the West Shewa Zone was high and moderate, respectively, suggesting the possible transmission of the disease between dogs and other animals. These infections might be an under-recognized threat to public health and animal welfare. Further research on the identification of the serovars of and biotypes of circulating in dogs is encouraged. Finally, knowledge of the comprehensive epidemiology of these diseases is an invaluable input for veterinarians, healthcare professionals, and policy-makers to avoid or manage canine leptospirosis and brucellosis.
目的
犬钩端螺旋体病和布鲁氏菌病是影响人类和动物物种的重要人畜共患革兰氏阴性细菌性疾病。本研究旨在估计埃塞俄比亚西谢瓦州安博、巴科和戈乔镇犬类及其他物种感染的血清阳性率，并评估相关风险因素。
方法
从随机选取的犬只中总共采集了385份血清样本。使用酶联免疫吸附测定技术（ELISA）检测针对相关物种感染的抗体。对每个养犬家庭进行了结构化问卷调查，以收集有关潜在风险因素的信息。使用卡方检验以及单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来分析独立变量和结果变量之间的关联。
结果
发现相关物种感染的总体血清阳性率分别为15.06%（95%置信区间（ci）：11.64 - 19.04%）和4.16%（95% ci：2.39 - 6.67%）。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，城镇是相关物种感染血清阳性的重要风险因素。因此，在戈乔镇（优势比（OR）：17.72，CI：1.17 - 117.54，p = 0.036）和巴科镇（OR：7.99，95% CI：0.96 - 66.37，p = 0.054）发现的犬类比生活在安博镇的犬类感染相关物种的风险更高。
结论
西谢瓦州犬类中相关物种感染的血清阳性率分别较高和中等，这表明该疾病可能在犬类与其他动物之间传播。这些感染可能是对公众健康和动物福利的一种未被充分认识的威胁。鼓励进一步研究确定在犬类中传播的钩端螺旋体血清型和布鲁氏菌生物型。最后，了解这些疾病的全面流行病学情况对于兽医、医疗专业人员和政策制定者避免或管理犬钩端螺旋体病和布鲁氏菌病来说是非常宝贵的信息。
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