Institute of Population Research/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Department of Preschool Education, Teacher's College of Beijing Union University, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 5;16(3):e0248154. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248154. eCollection 2021.
Disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia will burden child health and well-being. To date, our understanding about the situation and risk factors of perinatal asphyxia-induced disabilities among Chinese children is still limited.
To evaluate the prevalence and socio-demographic risk factors of disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia among Chinese children in 2006 and compare disability trajectories across different socio-demographic status.
Cross-sectional data came from the 2006 China National Survey on Disability which includes a total of 616,940 children aged 0-17 years old was employed in the investigation. Perinatal asphyxia-induced disabilities were identified by following the guidance in consensus manuals. Population-weighted numbers and prevalence rates were investigated, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate associations between disabilities and socio-demographic factors. Adjusted predictions at representative values were computed to compare the disability trajectories relative to significant socio-demographic variables.
The prevalence rate of disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia was 7.70 per 10,000 children (95% CI: 7.01-8.39). Male (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.47-2.23) and low family income (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.21-2.49) have higher and the increase of per additional year of age (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.88-0.91) has lower probability of being disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia. Further disability trajectories showed that differences in probability between gender and family income group were more evident before age 7 and weakened with increasing age.
Our results showed that both demographic and socioeconomic characteristics are risk factors for disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia. Of these, gender and family income have much higher impact than other factors on the prevalence rate of disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia at infants and young children. Multiple society sectors should increase their effort to bring about fundamental social change to prevent disabilities caused by perinatal asphyxia, especially concerning younger children and their families.
围产期窒息导致的残疾将影响儿童的健康和福祉。迄今为止，我们对中国儿童围产期窒息所致残疾的现状和危险因素的了解仍然有限。
评估 2006 年中国儿童围产期窒息所致残疾的流行率和社会人口学危险因素，并比较不同社会人口学状况下的残疾轨迹。
采用 2006 年中国全国残疾人抽样调查的横断面数据，共纳入 616940 名 0-17 岁儿童。围产期窒息所致残疾根据共识手册中的指导进行识别。调查了人群加权数量和患病率，并进行多变量逻辑回归以评估残疾与社会人口学因素之间的关联。计算了代表值的调整预测值，以比较与重要社会人口学变量相关的残疾轨迹。
围产期窒息所致残疾的患病率为每 10000 名儿童 7.70 例（95%CI：7.01-8.39）。男性（OR 1.81，95%CI：1.47-2.23）和低收入家庭（OR：1.73，95%CI：1.21-2.49）的残疾可能性更高，而每增加 1 岁（OR：0.89，95%CI：0.88-0.91）的残疾可能性更低。进一步的残疾轨迹表明，性别和家庭收入组之间的概率差异在 7 岁之前更为明显，随着年龄的增长而减弱。
我们的结果表明，人口统计学和社会经济学特征都是围产期窒息所致残疾的危险因素。在这些因素中，性别和家庭收入对婴儿和幼儿围产期窒息所致残疾的患病率影响更大。多个社会部门应加大力度，实现根本的社会变革，以预防围产期窒息所致残疾，特别是关注年幼儿童及其家庭。
