加蓬中部地区人类感染淋巴细胞性脉络丛脑膜炎病毒的潜在新型宿主及感染风险的鉴定。

Identification of potential novel hosts and the risk of infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in humans in Gabon, Central Africa.

机构信息

Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.

Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.

出版信息

Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Apr;105:452-459. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.105. Epub 2021 Mar 2.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.105

PMID:33667697

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), a human pathogenic arenavirus, is distributed worldwide. However, no human cases have been reported in Africa. This study aimed to investigate the current situation and potential risks of LCMV infection in Gabon, Central Africa.

METHODS

A total of 492 human samples were screened to detect LCMV genome RNA and anti-LCMV IgG antibodies using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. ELISA-positive samples were further examined using a neutralization assay. Viral RNAs and antibodies were also analyzed in 326 animal samples, including rodents, shrews, and bushmeat.

RESULTS

While no LCMV RNA was detected in human samples, the overall seroprevalence was 21.5% and was significantly higher in male and adult populations. The neutralization assay identified seven samples with neutralizing activity. LCMV RNA was detected in one species of rodent (Lophuromys sikapusi) and a porcupine, and anti-LCMV IgG antibodies were detected in four rodents and three shrews.

CONCLUSIONS

This study determined for the first time the seroprevalence of LCMV in Gabon, and revealed that local rodents, shrews, and porcupines in areas surrounding semi-urban cities posed an infection risk. Hence, LCMV infection should be considered a significant public health concern in Africa.

摘要

目的

淋巴细胞性脉络丛脑膜炎病毒（LCMV）是一种可感染人类的沙粒病毒，分布于全球各地。然而，在非洲尚未有人类感染的报告。本研究旨在调查中非国家加蓬目前的 LCMV 感染状况和潜在风险。

方法

本研究共筛选了 492 个人类样本，分别采用逆转录定量 PCR 和酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测 LCMV 基因组 RNA 和抗 LCMV IgG 抗体。对 ELISA 阳性样本进一步采用中和试验进行检测。还对包括啮齿动物、鼩鼱和野味在内的 326 份动物样本进行了病毒 RNA 和抗体分析。

结果

虽然在人类样本中未检测到 LCMV RNA，但总血清阳性率为 21.5%，且男性和成年人群的阳性率显著更高。中和试验鉴定出 7 份具有中和活性的样本。在一种啮齿动物（Lophuromys sikapusi）和一只豪猪中检测到了 LCMV RNA，在 4 种啮齿动物和 3 种鼩鼱中检测到了抗 LCMV IgG 抗体。