Pereyra Martina María, Díaz Mariana Andrea, Soliz-Santander Fabricio Fabián, Poehlein Anja, Meinhardt Friedhelm, Daniel Rolf, Dib Julián Rafael
Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Av. Belgrano y Pje. Caseros, Tucuman 4000, Argentina.
Genomic and Applied Microbiology & Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Feb 25;7(3):166. doi: 10.3390/jof7030166.
Worldwide, the green rot caused by is one of the most aggressive postharvest diseases of lemons. Searching for sustainable alternatives to chemical fungicides, epiphytic yeasts as potential biocontrol agents were isolated from citrus fruits using a tailor-made selective medium. For disclosing their antagonistic potential against , obtained isolates were subjected to direct screening methods, both in vitro and in vivo. In the course of the primary in vitro screening that comprised dual culture assays, 43 yeast strains displaying antagonistic activities against the pathogen were selected. Subsequently, such strains were subjected to an in vivo screening that consisted of a microscale test, allowing the selection of six yeast strains for further analysis. In the final screening using macroscale in vivo tests, three strains (AcL2, AgL21, and AgL2) displaying the highest efficiencies to control were identified. The protection efficiencies in lemons were 80 (AcL2), 76.7 (AgL21), and 75% (AgL2). Based on sequence analysis of the PCR amplified D1/D2 domains of the 26S rRNA genes, they were identified as representatives of the species . Interestingly, the strains exhibited a broad action spectrum among citrus fruits as they were also able to combat the green mold disease in grapefruit and two orange varieties. The direct screening methods applied in this study favored the recovery of efficient candidates for application as biological control agents to combat fungal infestations of citrus fruits.
在全球范围内，由[病原菌名称未给出]引起的绿腐病是柠檬采后最具侵袭性的病害之一。为寻找化学杀菌剂的可持续替代物，使用特制的选择性培养基从柑橘类水果中分离出作为潜在生物防治剂的附生酵母。为揭示其对[病原菌名称未给出]的拮抗潜力，对获得的分离株进行了体外和体内直接筛选方法。在包括双培养试验的初次体外筛选过程中，选择了43株对该病原菌具有拮抗活性的酵母菌株。随后，对这些菌株进行了体内筛选，该筛选包括一个微观试验，从中选出6株酵母菌株进行进一步分析。在使用宏观体内试验的最终筛选中，鉴定出三株（AcL2、AgL21和AgL2）对[病原菌名称未给出]具有最高防治效率的菌株。在柠檬中的防治效率分别为80%（AcL2）、76.7%（AgL21）和75%（AgL2）。基于对26S rRNA基因PCR扩增的D1/D2结构域的序列分析，它们被鉴定为[酵母菌种名未给出]的代表菌株。有趣的是，这些菌株在柑橘类水果中表现出广泛的作用谱，因为它们还能够对抗葡萄柚和两个橙子品种中的绿霉病。本研究中应用的直接筛选方法有利于筛选出有效的候选菌株，作为生物防治剂用于对抗柑橘类水果的真菌感染。
