Abo-Zaid Gaber, Abdelkhalek Ahmed, Matar Saleh, Darwish Mai, Abdel-Gayed Muhammad
Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, ALCRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Feb 25;7(3):167. doi: 10.3390/jof7030167.
Of ten actinobacterial isolates, Actino 48 exhibited the strongest suppression of mycelium growth and the highest chitinase enzyme production (49.2 U L min). The interaction between Actino 48 and . was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), which revealed many abnormalities, malformations, and injuries of the hypha, with large loss of . mycelia density and mass. Three talc-based formulations with culture broth, cell-free supernatant, and cell pellet suspension of chitinase-producing Actino 48 were characterized using SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and a particle size analyzer. All formulations were evaluated as biocontrol agents for reducing damping-off, root rot, and pods rot diseases of peanut caused by . under greenhouse and open-field conditions. The talc-based culture broth formulation was the most effective soil treatment, which decreased the percentage of peanut diseases under greenhouse and open-field conditions during two successive seasons. The culture broth formulation showed the highest increase in the dry weight of peanut shoots, root systems, and yielded pods. The transcriptional levels of three defense-related genes (, and ) were elevated in the culture broth formulation treatment compared with other formulations. Subsequently, the bio-friendly talc-based culture broth formulation of chitinase-producing Actino 48 could potentially be used as a biocontrol agent for controlling peanut soil-borne diseases caused by . .
在十种放线菌分离株中，Actino 48对菌丝体生长的抑制作用最强，几丁质酶产量最高（49.2 U L min）。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了Actino 48与……之间的相互作用，结果显示菌丝出现了许多异常、畸形和损伤，……菌丝体密度和质量大幅下降。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和粒度分析仪对三种以滑石粉为基础的制剂进行了表征，这三种制剂分别含有产几丁质酶的Actino 48的培养液、无细胞上清液和细胞沉淀悬浮液。在温室和田间条件下，对所有制剂作为生物防治剂减少花生由……引起的猝倒病、根腐病和荚腐病的效果进行了评估。以滑石粉为基础的培养液制剂是最有效的土壤处理方法，在连续两个季节的温室和田间条件下，它降低了花生病害的发生率。培养液制剂使花生地上部分、根系和荚果的干重增加最多。与其他制剂相比，培养液制剂处理中三个与防御相关基因（……和……）的转录水平有所提高。随后，产几丁质酶的Actino 48的生物友好型滑石粉基培养液制剂有可能用作防治花生由……引起的土传病害的生物防治剂。
