Kim Kyoo-Tae, Lee Seung-Hun, Lee Kyoung-Ki, Han Jee Eun, Kwak Dongmi
Animal Health Center of Zoo Land, Daejeon O-World Theme Park, Daejeon 35073, Korea.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Feb 16;11(2):508. doi: 10.3390/ani11020508.
was isolated from an African black-footed penguin () that died while in zoo captivity. At necropsy, the virulence of appeared to be enhanced by stress, so was assessed in the presence of in vitro and in vivo stressors and serial passaging in mice. Virulence genes from the isolate were amplified by PCR. In vitro assays were conducted to test the hemolytic activity, cytotoxicity, and effect of stress hormones on virulence. In vivo assays were conducted to test the stress effect on mortality of -infected mice and virulence in mice. Two virulence genes coding for hemolysin () and aerolysin () were detected, and the cytotoxic potential of the isolate was demonstrated in baby hamster kidney and Vero cells. Some or all mice inoculated with and exposed to stress hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) or low temperature died, while mice inoculated with and exposed to fasting or agitation stressors or no stressors survived. We concluded that stress can be fatal in mice experimentally infected with and that serial passaging in mice dramatically enhances the virulence of .
该病毒分离自一只在动物园圈养期间死亡的非洲黑脚企鹅（ ）。尸检时，该病毒的毒力似乎因应激而增强，因此在体外和体内应激源存在的情况下以及在小鼠中连续传代进行了评估。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增分离株的毒力基因。进行体外试验以测试溶血活性、细胞毒性以及应激激素对该病毒毒力的影响。进行体内试验以测试应激对感染该病毒的小鼠死亡率和小鼠中毒力的影响。检测到两个编码溶血素（ ）和气溶素（ ）的毒力基因，并且该分离株在幼仓鼠肾细胞和非洲绿猴肾细胞（Vero细胞）中表现出细胞毒性潜力。接种该病毒并暴露于应激激素（肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素）或低温的部分或全部小鼠死亡，而接种该病毒并暴露于禁食或躁动应激源或无应激源的小鼠存活。我们得出结论，应激对实验感染该病毒的小鼠可能是致命的，并且在小鼠中连续传代显著增强了该病毒的毒力。
