Pankiewicz Aleksandra, Jaworski Krzysztof, Chrószcz Aleksander, Poradowski Dominik
Institute of Archaeology, University of Wroclaw Szewska 48, 50-139 Wrocław, Poland.
Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Feb 19;11(2):543. doi: 10.3390/ani11020543.
This article pertains to the issue of early medieval dogs (10th-mid-13th century) from the territory of Poland and Central Europe. The study is based on dog remains from the Wroclaw Cathedral Island (Ostrów Tumski), one of the most important administrative centres of early medieval Poland, the capital of a secular principality and the seat of diocese authorities. The main morphological and functional types of dogs living in Wroclaw and other parts of Poland were characterized on that basis. It has been concluded that the roles and perceptions of dogs were very ambiguous. On the one hand, they were hunting companionship for the elite and were considered a symbol of devotion and loyalty. On the other hand, dogs symbolised disgrace. In everyday life, these animals were sometimes abused, their skin was sometimes tanned and their bones modified into tools, and in exceptional cases, dogs were even eaten.
本文涉及波兰和中欧地区中世纪早期（10世纪至13世纪中叶）的狗的问题。该研究基于弗罗茨瓦夫大教堂岛（奥斯特罗夫·图姆斯基）的狗遗骸，这里是中世纪早期波兰最重要的行政中心之一，是一个世俗公国的首都和教区当局所在地。在此基础上，对生活在弗罗茨瓦夫和波兰其他地区的狗的主要形态和功能类型进行了特征描述。研究得出结论，狗的角色和认知非常模糊。一方面，它们是精英阶层的狩猎伙伴，被视为奉献和忠诚的象征。另一方面，狗象征着耻辱。在日常生活中，这些动物有时会受到虐待，它们的皮有时会被鞣制，骨头会被改造成工具，在特殊情况下，狗甚至会被吃掉。
