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欧洲动物园和一个亚洲象栖息地国家的大象中普遍存在象内皮疱疹病毒。

Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus Is Omnipresent in Elephants in European Zoos and an Asian Elephant Range Country.

机构信息

Section Virology, Division Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Section Immunology, Division Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Viruses. 2021 Feb 11;13(2):283. doi: 10.3390/v13020283.

DOI:10.3390/v13020283
PMID:33670367
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7917619/
Abstract

Elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses (EEHVs) may cause acute, often lethal, hemorrhagic disease (EEHV-HD) in young elephants. Prevalence of EEHV in different elephant populations is still largely unknown. In order to improve diagnostic tools for the detection of EEHV infections and to obtain insight into its spread among elephants, we developed novel ELISAs based on EEHV1A gB and gH/gL. Performance of the ELISAs was assessed using sera from 41 European zoo elephants and 69 semi-captive elephants from Laos, one of the Asian elephant range countries. Sera from all (sub)adult animals tested (≥5 years of age) showed high reactivity with both gB and gH/gL, indicating that EEHV prevalence has been highly underestimated so far. Reactivity towards the antigens was generally lower for sera of juvenile animals (1 > 5 years). Only one (juvenile) animal, which was sampled directly after succumbing to EEHV-HD, was found to be seronegative for EEHV. The two other EEHV-HD cases tested showed low antibody levels, suggesting that all three cases died upon a primary EEHV infection. In conclusion, our study suggests that essentially all (semi-)captive (sub)adult elephants in European zoos and in Laos carry EEHV, and that young elephants with low antibody levels are at risk of dying from EEHV-HD.

摘要

大象内皮细胞疱疹病毒（EEHV）可能导致幼象发生急性、常致命的出血性疾病（EEHV-HD）。不同大象种群中 EEHV 的流行情况仍很大程度上未知。为了改进用于检测 EEHV 感染的诊断工具，并深入了解其在大象中的传播情况，我们基于 EEHV1A gB 和 gH/gL 开发了新的 ELISA。使用来自 41 头欧洲动物园大象和来自老挝的 69 头半圈养大象（亚洲象分布国之一）的血清评估了 ELISA 的性能。所有（亚）成年动物（≥5 岁）的血清均与 gB 和 gH/gL 高度反应，表明迄今为止 EEHV 的流行率被严重低估。幼龄动物（1 > 5 岁）的血清对抗原的反应性通常较低。只有一只（幼年）动物在因 EEHV-HD 而死亡后直接采样时被发现对 EEHV 呈血清阴性。另外两个 EEHV-HD 病例的抗体水平较低，这表明这三个病例均死于原发性 EEHV 感染。总之，我们的研究表明，欧洲动物园和老挝的几乎所有（半）圈养（亚）成年大象都携带 EEHV，而抗体水平较低的幼象有死于 EEHV-HD 的风险。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/ab9338a0c95c/viruses-13-00283-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/91e06643c6fa/viruses-13-00283-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/abea19c9fa8c/viruses-13-00283-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/27f74475eabf/viruses-13-00283-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/32b8a3b6d23f/viruses-13-00283-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/1f40ce7dfd2a/viruses-13-00283-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/ab9338a0c95c/viruses-13-00283-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/91e06643c6fa/viruses-13-00283-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/abea19c9fa8c/viruses-13-00283-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/27f74475eabf/viruses-13-00283-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/32b8a3b6d23f/viruses-13-00283-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/1f40ce7dfd2a/viruses-13-00283-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3f4/7917619/ab9338a0c95c/viruses-13-00283-g006.jpg

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