School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, c/o Dr. Albrecht Schulte-Hostedde, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada.
Conservation Genetics Laboratory, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Ecohealth. 2023 Mar;20(1):43-52. doi: 10.1007/s10393-023-01635-w. Epub 2023 May 29.
The One Health framework links animal, human, and environmental health, and focuses on emerging zoonotic pathogens. Understanding the interface between wildlife and human activity is critical due to the unpredictable nature of spillover of zoonotic pathogens from animals to humans. Zoos are important partners in One Health because of their contributions to education, conservation, and animal health monitoring. In addition, the housing of wildlife in captive and semi-natural settings makes zoos, especially relevant for detecting animal-related pathogens. A first step to determine the utility of zoos in contributing to pathogen surveillance is to survey the peer-reviewed literature. We, therefore, retrieved data from the previous 20 years and performed a meta-analysis to determine global patterns of viral seroprevalence in mammals housed in zoo collections from peer-reviewed literature. We analysed 50 articles, representing a total of 11,300 terrestrial mammals. Increased prevalence was found in viruses strictly targeting specific host taxonomy, especially in viruses transmitted through direct contact. Potentially complex patterns with geography were also identified, despite uneven sampling. This research highlights the role zoos could play in public health and encourages future standardized epidemiological surveillance of zoological collections.
“One Health”框架将动物、人类和环境健康联系起来，并专注于新发的人畜共患病原体。由于从动物到人畜共患病原体溢出的不可预测性，了解野生动物和人类活动之间的界面至关重要。动物园是“One Health”的重要合作伙伴，因为它们为教育、保护和动物健康监测做出了贡献。此外，野生动物在圈养和半自然环境中的饲养使动物园，特别是与检测动物相关病原体相关。确定动物园在促进病原体监测方面的效用的第一步是调查同行评议的文献。因此，我们从过去 20 年中检索了数据，并进行了荟萃分析，以确定来自同行评议文献的动物园收藏中圈养哺乳动物的病毒血清流行率的全球模式。我们分析了 50 篇文章，代表了总共 11300 种陆生哺乳动物。在专门针对特定宿主分类的病毒中发现了更高的流行率，尤其是通过直接接触传播的病毒。尽管采样不均匀，但也确定了具有地理复杂性的潜在模式。这项研究强调了动物园在公共卫生方面可以发挥的作用，并鼓励未来对动物收藏进行标准化的流行病学监测。
