Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of Tadulako, Palu 94148, Indonesia.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, University of Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 22;18(4):2133. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18042133.
Food fortification programs have been conducted in several countries to overcome micronutrient deficiency and related problems with various degrees of effectiveness. Available information regarding the success of food fortification programs in some developing countries, including Indonesia, is still limited. Thus, this study conducts a systematic review of the effects of food fortification of mothers and children using biochemical and anthropometric measures focusing on linear growth. Three databases were used in the literature search, namely PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. Fifteen articles were included for analysis from 517 studies found consisting of Indonesian and English articles published from 2000 to June 2020. Fortification of iron, vitamin A, and iodine can increase the level of hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and serum retinol and median urine iodine excretion, especially in toddlers and schoolchildren. However, multinutrient fortification interventions were associated with various effects on hemoglobin, serum ferritin, and serum retinol but a positive association was found with linear growth indicators in the form of body length for age. The effectiveness of food fortification in reducing the prevalence of stunting still needs more and stronger evidence through studies with large sample size and longer duration.
食物强化计划已在多个国家实施，以克服不同程度的微量营养素缺乏和相关问题。关于一些发展中国家（包括印度尼西亚）食物强化计划成功的可用信息仍然有限。因此，本研究使用生化和人体测量学措施（重点关注线性生长）对母亲和儿童的食物强化效果进行系统评价。文献检索使用了三个数据库，即 PubMed、Science Direct 和 Google Scholar。从 2000 年至 2020 年 6 月期间发表的 517 项研究中，共纳入了 15 篇符合分析条件的文章，其中包括印度尼西亚语和英语文章。铁、维生素 A 和碘的强化可以增加血红蛋白、血清铁蛋白和血清视黄醇以及尿碘中位数排泄量，尤其是在幼儿和学童中。然而，多种营养素强化干预措施对血红蛋白、血清铁蛋白和血清视黄醇的影响各不相同，但与身体长度等线性生长指标呈正相关。食物强化在降低发育迟缓患病率方面的有效性仍需要更多和更强有力的证据，这些证据来自于具有更大样本量和更长持续时间的研究。
