Department of Natural Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
School of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincolnshire LN6 7TS, UK.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Feb 14;21(4):1345. doi: 10.3390/s21041345.
This study investigated the whole-body coordination patterning in successful and faulty spikes using self-organising map-based cluster analysis. Ten young, elite volleyball players (aged 15.5 ± 0.7 years) performed 60 volleyball spikes in a real-game environment. Adopting the cluster analysis, based on a self-organising map, whole-body coordination patterning was explored between successful and faulty spikes of individual players. The self-organising maps (SOMs) portrayed whole body, lower and upper limb coordination dissimilarities during the jump phase and the ball impact phases between the successful and faulty spikes. The cluster analysis illustrated that the whole body, upper limb and lower limb coordination patterning of each individual's successful spikes were similar to their faulty spikes. Range of motion patterning also demonstrated no differences in kinematics between spike outcomes. Further, the upper limb angular velocity patterning of the players' successful/faulty spikes were similar. The SPM analysis portrayed significant differences between the normalized upper limb angular velocities from 35% to 45% and from 76% to 100% of the spike movement. Although the lower limb angular velocities are vital for achieving higher jumps in volleyball spikes, the results of this study portrayed that the upper limb angular velocities distinguish the differences between successful and faulty spikes among the attackers. This confirms the fact that volleyball coaches should shift their focus toward the upper limb velocity and coordination training for higher success rates in spiking for volleyball attackers.
本研究采用自组织映射聚类分析，研究了成功和失误扣球中全身协调模式。10 名年轻的精英排球运动员（年龄 15.5±0.7 岁）在真实比赛环境中进行了 60 次排球扣球。采用基于自组织映射的聚类分析，探讨了个体运动员成功扣球和失误扣球之间的全身协调模式。自组织映射图（SOMs）描绘了个体在跳跃阶段和球击阶段成功和失误扣球之间的全身、上下肢协调差异。聚类分析表明，每个运动员成功扣球和失误扣球的全身、上肢和下肢协调模式相似。运动范围模式也表明，扣球结果的运动学没有差异。此外，运动员成功/失误扣球的上肢角速度模式相似。SPM 分析描绘了从扣球运动的 35%到 45%和从 76%到 100%的标准化上肢角速度之间的显著差异。虽然下肢角速度对于排球扣球中获得更高的跳跃高度至关重要，但本研究的结果表明，在上肢角速度方面，攻击者的成功和失误扣球之间存在差异。这证实了排球教练应该将注意力转向上肢速度和协调训练，以提高排球攻击者扣球的成功率。
