Zhang Xiaojun, Wang Meizhi, He Tengfei, Long Shenfei, Guo Yao, Chen Zhaohui
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Feb 14;11(2):499. doi: 10.3390/ani11020499.
The effect of different cross-fostering strategies on the growth performance, stress and immunity of piglets was investigated in this study. In the first experiment, a total of 20 litters (i.e., 20 sows) and 120 piglets were classified into one of six treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of piglets without or with cross-fostering and different birth weights (low birth weight, LBW; intermediate birth weight, IBW; high birth weight, HBW). The weaning weight (WW) and average daily gain (ADG) of LBW piglets and IBW piglets were not significantly different between the not cross-fostered (NC-F) group and the cross-fostered (C-F) group. There was a higher ( < 0.05) ADG in the control piglets compared with the cross-fostered piglets. This effect on ADG was only seen in the HBW piglets. In the second experiment, six sows with a similar body condition and farrowed on the same day were selected. Three female piglets with a birth weight of 0.6-0.85 kg were selected from each litter as experimental piglets. Eighteen piglets were grouped into three treatments: (1) not cross-fostered (NC-F1), (2) cross-fostered at 36-48 h after birth (C-F1), (3) cross-fostered at day 7 after birth (C-F2). The growth performance of NC-F1 and C-F1 piglets was higher than C-F2 piglets ( < 0.05), and the suckling positions of NC-F1 and C-F1 piglets on days 8, 12, 16 and 20 were more forward than the C-F2 piglets ( < 0.05). Plasma cortisol (COR) concentrations of NC-F1 and C-F1 piglets were lower than C-F2 piglets ( < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between BW at day 21 and plasma COR concentration. In conclusion, cross-fostering within 24 h of birth has adverse influences on the ADG of HBW piglets, while it has no negative effect on the ADG of LBW and IBW piglets. Moreover, for IBW piglets, late cross-fostering (i.e., on day 7 after farrowing) has negative impacts on the growth performance and teat order of piglets, and it increases the cortisol level of piglets.
本研究调查了不同交叉寄养策略对仔猪生长性能、应激和免疫力的影响。在第一个实验中，总共20窝（即20头母猪）和120头仔猪被分为2×3析因设计的六种处理之一。处理包括未进行交叉寄养或进行交叉寄养且出生体重不同的仔猪（低出生体重、中出生体重、高出生体重）。未交叉寄养（NC-F）组和交叉寄养（C-F）组的低出生体重仔猪和中出生体重仔猪的断奶体重（WW）和平均日增重（ADG）没有显著差异。与交叉寄养仔猪相比，对照仔猪的ADG更高（<0.05）。这种对ADG的影响仅在高出生体重仔猪中可见。在第二个实验中，选择了6头身体状况相似且同日分娩的母猪。从每窝中选择3头出生体重为0.6 - 0.85 kg的雌性仔猪作为实验仔猪。18头仔猪被分为三种处理：（1）未交叉寄养（NC-F1），（2）出生后36 - 48小时交叉寄养（C-F1），（3）出生后第7天交叉寄养（C-F2）。NC-F1和C-F1仔猪的生长性能高于C-F2仔猪（<0.05），并且在第8、12、16和20天，NC-F1和C-F1仔猪的吮乳位置比C-F2仔猪更靠前（<0.05）。NC-F1和C-F1仔猪的血浆皮质醇（COR）浓度低于C-F2仔猪（<0.05）。在第21天的体重与血浆COR浓度之间观察到显著的负相关。总之，出生后24小时内交叉寄养对高出生体重仔猪的ADG有不利影响，而对低出生体重和中出生体重仔猪的ADG没有负面影响。此外，对于中出生体重仔猪，后期交叉寄养（即分娩后第7天）对仔猪的生长性能和乳头顺序有负面影响，并会增加仔猪的皮质醇水平。
