Department of Logistics, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland.
Department of Statistics, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 12;18(4):1797. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041797.
Nurses constitute a professional group exposed to a high risk of stress and occupational burnout. Fewer nurses are recruited every year and the ever higher age of those professionally active is alarming. This article presents the results of international comparative studies from 2018 and 2019 involving Polish and German nurses (747 people) dedicated to the perception of aspects of nurses' work in terms of the risk of excessive stress and burnout and possible preventive measures. Using a proprietary questionnaire, the authors evaluated differences in the perception of the nursing profession in Poland and Germany, as well as in terms of seniority or decision-making. Next, the relationship between the perception of work specificity and opinions about professional risks and possible preventive measures was evaluated. The analysis used the Mann-Whitney U test and correlation analysis of the questions. Using exploratory factor analysis, the number of dimensions describing the nursing profession was reduced from 16 to four related to (1) workload, (2) job satisfaction, (3) atmosphere in the organisation and (4) sense of control over one's own work. The results showed statistically significant differences in the perception of professional specificity and risks according to the analysed characteristics.
护士是一个面临高压力和职业倦怠风险的专业群体。每年招聘的护士人数较少，而在职护士的年龄越来越大，这令人担忧。本文介绍了 2018 年和 2019 年涉及波兰和德国护士（747 人）的国际比较研究结果，这些护士致力于感知护士工作的各个方面，包括过度压力和倦怠的风险以及可能的预防措施。研究人员使用专门的问卷评估了波兰和德国对护理职业的看法差异，以及工作年限或决策方面的差异。接下来，评估了对工作特殊性的看法与对职业风险和可能预防措施的看法之间的关系。分析使用了曼-惠特尼 U 检验和问题的相关分析。通过探索性因素分析，将描述护理专业的维度数量从 16 个减少到 4 个，与（1）工作量、（2）工作满意度、（3）组织氛围和（4）对自己工作的控制感有关。研究结果表明，根据分析的特征，对专业特殊性和风险的看法存在统计学上的显著差异。
