Madoroba Evelyn, Magwedere Kudakwashe, Chaora Nyaradzo Stella, Matle Itumeleng, Muchadeyi Farai, Mathole Masenyabu Aletta, Pierneef Rian
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
Directorate of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Microorganisms. 2021 Feb 27;9(3):507. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9030507.
Consumption of food that is contaminated by microorganisms, chemicals, and toxins may lead to significant morbidity and mortality, which has negative socioeconomic and public health implications. Monitoring and surveillance of microbial diversity along the food value chain is a key component for hazard identification and evaluation of potential pathogen risks from farm to the consumer. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial diversity in meat and meat products from different enterprises and meat types in South Africa. Samples ( = 2017) were analyzed for , species, , , , , , , and using culture-based methods. PCR was used for confirmation of selected pathogens. Of the 2017 samples analyzed, microbial ecology was assessed for selected subsamples where next generation sequencing had been conducted, followed by the application of computational methods to reconstruct individual genomes from the respective sample (metagenomics). With the exception of , selective culture-dependent methods revealed that samples were contaminated with at least one of the tested foodborne pathogens. The data from metagenomics analysis revealed the presence of diverse bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The analyses provide evidence of diverse and highly variable microbial communities in products of animal origin, which is important for food safety, food labeling, biosecurity, and shelf life limiting spoilage by microorganisms.
食用被微生物、化学物质和毒素污染的食物可能导致严重的发病和死亡，这对社会经济和公共卫生具有负面影响。监测和监督食品价值链中的微生物多样性是从农场到消费者识别危害和评估潜在病原体风险的关键组成部分。本研究的目的是确定南非不同企业和肉类类型的肉类及肉类产品中的微生物多样性。使用基于培养的方法对样本（n = 2017）进行了分析，检测了大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌属、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、产气荚膜梭菌、空肠弯曲菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、阪崎肠杆菌和志贺氏菌属。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）确认选定的病原体。在分析的2017个样本中，对已进行下一代测序的选定子样本评估了微生物生态学，随后应用计算方法从各自样本中重建个体基因组（宏基因组学）。除了空肠弯曲菌外，依赖选择性培养的方法显示样本被至少一种测试的食源性病原体污染。宏基因组学分析数据揭示了多种细菌、病毒和真菌的存在。这些分析为动物源性产品中多样且高度可变的微生物群落提供了证据，这对于食品安全、食品标签、生物安全以及限制微生物导致的保质期缩短都很重要。
