Khasapane Ntelekwane George, Nkhebenyane Sebolelo Jane, Lekota Kgaugelo, Thekisoe Oriel, Ramatla Tsepo
Centre for Applied Food Safety and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, 1 Park Road, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.
Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa.
Pathogens. 2024 Sep 12;13(9):787. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13090787.
The leading cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide includes , , , , , and spp. (ESKAPE) infections. These bacteria are commonly isolated from clinical settings and linked to a number of potentially fatal diseases associated with hospitals. The objective of this study was to review the prevalence of ESKAPE pathogens in Africa. We gathered and systematically reviewed the literature concerning the prevalence of ESKAPE pathogens, published in the English language from January 2014 to February 2024, from three databases (PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect). Our overall results revealed that was the most prevalent species (79.5%), followed by (27.6%), (24.2%), spp. (20%), (9.0%), and (5.1%). Moreover, stool samples had the highest Pooled Prevalence Estimates (PPEs) of 44.0%, followed by urine, nasal, and blood samples with 37.3%, 26.9%, and 22.9%, respectively. For the diagnostic method used to identify these ESKAPE pathogens, VITEK-MS had the highest PPE of 55.2%, followed by whole genome sequencing and PCR with 37.1% and 33.2%, respectively. The highest PPE of ESKAPE pathogens was recorded in West Africa with 77.3%, followed by Central/Middle Africa and East Africa with 43.5% and 25.1%, respectively. The overall PPE of ESKAPE pathogens from humans, animals, the environment (water, soil, and surfaces) and food sources was 35.8%, 37.3%, 47.7%, and 34.2%, respectively. Despite their prevalence in nosocomial settings, studies have shown that the ESKAPE pathogens may be isolated from a range of environmental reservoirs, including soil, dumping sites, beach sand, wastewater, food, and fish farms, among others. This wide source of ESKAPE pathogens substrates indicates the need for a multidisciplinary collaborative partnership for epidemiological studies and intervention efforts by the human, veterinary, and environmental health sectors in Africa.
全球医院获得性感染的主要原因包括屎肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和肠杆菌属（ESKAPE）感染。这些细菌通常从临床环境中分离出来，并与许多与医院相关的潜在致命疾病有关。本研究的目的是回顾非洲ESKAPE病原体的流行情况。我们收集并系统回顾了2014年1月至2024年2月期间以英文发表在三个数据库（PubMed、科学网和科学Direct）中有关ESKAPE病原体流行情况的文献。我们的总体结果显示，屎肠球菌是最常见的菌种（79.5%），其次是金黄色葡萄球菌（27.6%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（24.2%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（20%）、铜绿假单胞菌（9.0%）和肠杆菌属（5.1%）。此外，粪便样本的合并患病率估计值（PPEs）最高，为44.0%，其次是尿液、鼻腔和血液样本，分别为37.3%、26.9%和22.9%。对于用于鉴定这些ESKAPE病原体的诊断方法，VITEK-MS的PPE最高，为55.2%，其次是全基因组测序和PCR，分别为37.1%和33.2%。ESKAPE病原体的最高PPE记录在西非，为77.3%，其次是中非/中东非洲和东非，分别为43.5%和25.1%。来自人类、动物、环境（水、土壤和表面）和食物来源的ESKAPE病原体的总体PPE分别为35.8%、37.3%、47.7%和34.2%。尽管它们在医院环境中普遍存在，但研究表明，ESKAPE病原体可能从一系列环境储库中分离出来，包括土壤、垃圾场、沙滩、废水、食物和养鱼场等。ESKAPE病原体的这种广泛来源表明，非洲的人类、兽医和环境卫生部门需要建立多学科合作伙伴关系，以开展流行病学研究和干预工作。
