Ciaccio Marcello, Lo Sasso Bruna, Scazzone Concetta, Gambino Caterina Maria, Ciaccio Anna Maria, Bivona Giulia, Piccoli Tommaso, Giglio Rosaria Vincenza, Agnello Luisa
Clinical Molecular Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital "P. Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Brain Sci. 2021 Feb 27;11(3):305. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11030305.
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a neurotropic virus with a high neuroinvasive potential. Indeed, more than one-third of patients develop neurological symptoms, including confusion, headache, and hypogeusia/ageusia. However, long-term neurological consequences have received little interest compared to respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal manifestations. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the potential SARS-CoV-2 neurological injury that could lead to the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease (AD). A mutualistic relationship between AD and COVID-19 seems to exist. On the one hand, COVID-19 patients seem to be more prone to developing AD. On the other hand, AD patients could be more susceptible to severe COVID-19. In this review, we sought to provide an overview on the relationship between AD and COVID-19, focusing on the potential role of biomarkers, which could represent precious tool for early identification of COVID-19 patients at high risk of developing AD.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）是一种具有高度神经侵袭潜力的嗜神经病毒。事实上，超过三分之一的患者会出现神经症状，包括意识模糊、头痛和味觉减退/嗅觉丧失。然而，与呼吸、心血管和肾脏表现相比，长期神经后果很少受到关注。已经提出了几种机制来解释潜在的SARS-CoV-2神经损伤，这种损伤可能导致神经退行性疾病的发展，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）。AD和COVID-19之间似乎存在一种共生关系。一方面，COVID-19患者似乎更容易患AD。另一方面，AD患者可能更容易感染严重的COVID-19。在这篇综述中，我们试图概述AD和COVID-19之间的关系，重点关注生物标志物的潜在作用，生物标志物可能是早期识别有患AD高风险的COVID-19患者的宝贵工具。
