Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
Independent Researcher, Wellington, New Zealand.
Nutrients. 2021 Feb 27;13(3):792. doi: 10.3390/nu13030792.
Higher fruit and vegetable intake has been associated with improved mood, greater vitality, and lower stress. Although the nutrients driving these benefits are not specifically identified, one potentially important micronutrient is vitamin C, an important co-factor for the production of peptide hormones, carnitine and neurotransmitters that are involved in regulation of physical energy and mood. The aim of our study was to investigate the cross-sectional relationship between blood plasma vitamin C status and mood, vitality and perceived stress. A sample of 419 university students (aged 18 to 35; 67.8% female) of various ethnicities (49.2% European, 16.2% East Asian, 8.1% Southeast/Other Asian, 9.1% Māori/Pasifika, 11.5% Other) provided a fasting blood sample to determine vitamin C status and completed psychological measures consisting of the Profile of Mood States Short Form (POMS-SF), the vitality subscale of the Rand 36-Item Short Form (SF-36), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Participants were screened for prescription medication, smoking history, vitamin C supplementation, fruit/juice and vegetable consumption, kiwifruit allergies, excessive alcohol consumption and serious health issues, and provided age, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status information, which served as covariates. There were no significant associations between vitamin C status and the psychological measures for the sample overall. However, associations varied by ethnicity. Among Māori/Pasifika participants, higher vitamin C was associated with greater vitality and lower stress, whereas among Southeast Asian participants, higher vitamin C was associated with greater confusion on the POMS-SF subscale. These novel findings demonstrate potential ethnicity-linked differences in the relationship between vitamin C and mental states. Further research is required to determine whether genetic variation or cultural factors are driving these ethnicity differences.
较高的水果和蔬菜摄入量与改善情绪、增强活力和降低压力有关。虽然促进这些益处的营养素尚未明确，但一种潜在的重要微量营养素是维生素 C，它是产生肽激素、肉碱和神经递质的重要辅助因子，这些物质参与调节身体能量和情绪。我们的研究目的是调查血浆维生素 C 状况与情绪、活力和感知压力之间的横断面关系。研究样本包括来自不同种族（49.2%欧洲人、16.2%东亚人、8.1%东南亚/其他亚洲人、9.1%毛利/太平洋岛民、11.5%其他）的 419 名大学生（年龄 18 至 35 岁；67.8%为女性），他们提供了空腹血样以确定维生素 C 状况，并完成了心理测量，包括心境状态量表（POMS-SF）、RAND 36 项简短健康调查（SF-36）活力子量表和感知压力量表（PSS）。参与者接受了处方药、吸烟史、维生素 C 补充剂、水果/果汁和蔬菜摄入量、猕猴桃过敏、过度饮酒和严重健康问题的筛查，并提供了年龄、性别、种族和社会经济地位信息，这些信息作为协变量。对于整个样本，维生素 C 状况与心理测量之间没有显著关联。然而，关联因种族而异。在毛利/太平洋岛民参与者中，较高的维生素 C 与更高的活力和更低的压力相关，而在东南亚参与者中，较高的维生素 C 与 POMS-SF 子量表上的困惑感增加相关。这些新发现表明，维生素 C 与精神状态之间的关系存在潜在的与种族相关的差异。需要进一步的研究来确定是否是遗传变异或文化因素导致了这些种族差异。
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