Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2021 Jun;44(6):464-477. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.02.001. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
Dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), and endocannabinoids (ECs) are key neuromodulators involved in many aspects of motivated behavior, including reward processing, reinforcement learning, and behavioral flexibility. Among the longstanding views about possible relationships between these neuromodulators is the idea of DA and 5-HT acting as opponents. This view has been challenged by emerging evidence that 5-HT supports reward seeking via activation of DA neurons in the ventral tegmental area. Adding an extra layer of complexity to these interactions, the endocannabinoid system is uniquely placed to influence dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission. In this review we discuss how these three neuromodulatory systems interact at the cellular and circuit levels. Technological advances that facilitate precise identification and control of genetically targeted neuronal populations will help to achieve a better understanding of the complex relationship between these essential systems, and the potential relevance for motivated behavior.
多巴胺（DA）、5-羟色胺（5-羟色胺，5-HT）和内源性大麻素（ECs）是参与动机行为许多方面的关键神经调节剂，包括奖励处理、强化学习和行为灵活性。关于这些神经调节剂之间可能存在的关系的长期观点之一是 DA 和 5-HT 作为对手发挥作用。这一观点受到了新出现的证据的挑战，该证据表明 5-HT 通过激活腹侧被盖区的 DA 神经元来支持奖励寻求。为了使这些相互作用更加复杂，内源性大麻素系统处于影响多巴胺能和 5-羟色胺能神经传递的独特位置。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了这三个神经调节系统在细胞和回路水平上是如何相互作用的。促进精确识别和控制基因靶向神经元群体的技术进步将有助于更好地理解这些基本系统之间的复杂关系，以及它们对动机行为的潜在相关性。
