Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 5;11(1):5284. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-84808-3.
The purpose of this study was to compare the incidences of macular irregularities of elementary school (ES) and junior high school (JHS) students. This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study of 122 right eyes of 122 ES students (8-9 years) and 173 right eyes of 173 JHS students (12-13 years). Vertical cross-sectional images of the macula were obtained by optical coherence tomography. The eyes were classified based on the vertical symmetry of the posterior pole, and then sub-classified as convex-, flat-, concave-, or dome-shaped based on the direction of the curvature of the retinal pigment epithelium. One hundred and two eyes (83.6%) were placed in the symmetrical group in the ES students and 149 eyes (86.1%) in the JHS students. Twenty eyes (16.4%) were placed in the asymmetric groups in the ES students and 24 eyes (13.9%) in the JHS students. In symmetrical group, 78 and 118 eyes had a convex-shape (76.4 and 79.2%), followed by 22 and 29 eyes of dome-shaped group (21.6 and 19.4%) in ES and JHS students respectively. Because the incidences of the posterior pole shapes were not significantly different between the groups, it is likely that the macular irregularities develop before the age of ES.
本研究旨在比较小学生（ES）和初中生（JHS）的黄斑不规则发生率。这是一项前瞻性的横断面观察研究，纳入了 122 名 ES 学生（8-9 岁）的 122 只右眼和 173 名 JHS 学生（12-13 岁）的 173 只右眼。使用光学相干断层扫描获取黄斑的垂直横断面图像。根据后极的垂直对称性对眼睛进行分类，然后根据视网膜色素上皮的曲率方向进一步分为凸形、平形、凹形或穹顶形。102 只眼（83.6%）被归类为 ES 学生中的对称组，149 只眼（86.1%）被归类为 JHS 学生中的对称组。20 只眼（16.4%）被归类为 ES 学生中的不对称组，24 只眼（13.9%）被归类为 JHS 学生中的不对称组。在对称组中，78 只眼和 118 只眼呈凸形（76.4%和 79.2%），其次是 22 只眼和 29 只眼呈穹顶形（21.6%和 19.4%），分别在 ES 和 JHS 学生中。由于各组间后极形状的发生率无显著差异，黄斑不规则可能在 ES 年龄之前就已经开始发展。
