Clinic for Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Clinical Psychology Unit for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 6;21(1):130. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02975-5.
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a genetic syndrome that results in a highly variable profile of affected individuals of which impairments in the social domain and increased psychopathology are the most prominent. Notably, 25-30% of affected individuals eventually develop schizophrenia/psychosis, predisposing persons with the syndrome to increased risk for this disorder. Because social cognition is considered to underlie social behavior and to be related to psychopathology, this systematic review investigated social cognition in individuals with 22q11DS and examined reported links across its domains with psychopathology and social outcomes. This can provide the basis for a closer understanding of the path from risk to disorder and will inform on the specific domains that can be targeted with preventive intervention strategies.
Systematic literature review of studies that reported the links between social cognitive domains and psychopathology and/or social outcomes in individuals with 22q11DS. Electronic databases searched were PubMed and PsycINFO.
Defined eligibility criteria identified a total of ten studies to be included in the present review. Selected studies investigated links between two domains of social cognition (emotion processing and theory of mind (ToM)) and psychopathology and/or social outcomes. With respect to the links to psychopathology, two aspects of social cognition were related primarily to negative symptoms. Results regarding the associations to positive and emotional symptoms (anxiety/depression) are limited and require further investigation. Even though both aspects of social cognition were associated with social outcomes, several studies also found no links between these two domains. Both reports invite for an additional examination of reported results and specific considerations regarding chosen constructs.
Although equivocal, results of the present review provide sufficient evidence that social cognition is a useful domain for the closer elucidation of clinical outcomes and social difficulties in this population. At the same time, longitudinal studies and consideration of other variables are also necessary for a timely understanding of affected persons in this respect.
22q11.2 缺失综合征（22q11DS）是一种遗传综合征，导致受影响个体的表现高度多样化，其中社会领域的障碍和增加的精神病理学是最突出的。值得注意的是，25-30%的受影响个体最终会发展为精神分裂症/精神病，使患有该综合征的人患这种疾病的风险增加。由于社会认知被认为是社会行为的基础，并与精神病理学有关，因此本系统综述调查了 22q11DS 个体的社会认知，并检查了其各领域与精神病理学和社会结果的报告联系。这可以为更深入地了解从风险到障碍的途径提供基础，并为特定可以通过预防干预策略针对的领域提供信息。
对报告了 22q11DS 个体的社会认知领域与精神病理学和/或社会结果之间联系的研究进行系统的文献综述。搜索的电子数据库是 PubMed 和 PsycINFO。
根据明确的纳入标准，确定了总共十项研究纳入本综述。选定的研究调查了社会认知的两个领域（情绪处理和心理理论（ToM））与精神病理学和/或社会结果之间的联系。关于与精神病理学的联系，社会认知的两个方面主要与阴性症状有关。关于与阳性和情绪症状（焦虑/抑郁）的关联的结果有限，需要进一步调查。尽管两个方面的社会认知都与社会结果有关，但一些研究也没有发现这两个领域之间的联系。这两个报告都邀请对报告的结果进行进一步检查，并对所选择的结构进行具体考虑。
尽管存在争议，但本综述的结果提供了足够的证据，表明社会认知是更深入阐明该人群临床结果和社会困难的有用领域。同时，也需要进行纵向研究和考虑其他变量，以便及时了解该人群在这方面的情况。
