斯里兰卡贾夫纳地区老年人健康相关因素与生活质量的关系。
The association of health-related factors with quality of life among the elderly population in the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka.
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Mar 6;21(1):464. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10507-3.
BACKGROUND
The proportion of elderly individuals is increasing globally. They should be well cared for to enable them to enjoy their full lifespans. Good health is a vital component of one's overall quality of life. Our study aimed to assess the association of health-related factors with quality of life among elderly individuals in the Jaffna District of Sri Lanka.
METHODS
We conducted a community-based, cross-sectional study among 813 elderly individuals in the Jaffna district of Sri Lanka. Sociodemographic factors and the patterns of health conditions were recorded through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Quality of life was measured through the World Health Organisation Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQOL-Bref) questionnaire.
RESULTS
There were slightly more male respondents (53.5%) than females in the study. The median age of the participants was 70 (11) years. Approximately one-third of them had at least one chronic health condition. Musculoskeletal complaints were found to be the most common health condition, followed by diabetes, hypertension, vision problems, and asthma. Among the respondents, 20.1% were attending regular follow-up visits in a clinic, and 24% of them were meeting a doctor at least monthly. Among them, 6.8% had at least one limitation in their activities of daily living. However, the majority (58.6%) reported that they were satisfied with their health status. The following factors were found to be significantly associated with worse quality of life: the presence of health conditions, the presence of musculoskeletal conditions, hearing impairment, vision impairment, bronchial asthma, limitations in activities of daily living, and the use of addictive substances. Satisfaction with health, regular follow-up visits in a clinic, meeting a doctor at least monthly, and having diabetes were significantly associated with better quality of life.
CONCLUSION
Minimising the limitations of daily living, abstaining from using addictive substances, preventing diseases, and improving access to health services may enhance the quality of life of elderly individuals. Furthermore, these factors should be considered by policy makers seeking to improve the quality of life of elderly individuals.
背景
全球老年人口比例不断增加。他们应该得到良好的照顾，以便能够享受他们的全部寿命。健康是一个人整体生活质量的重要组成部分。我们的研究旨在评估与健康相关的因素与斯里兰卡贾夫纳地区老年人生活质量之间的关系。
方法
我们在斯里兰卡贾夫纳地区进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究，共有 813 名老年人参与。通过访谈者管理的问卷记录社会人口统计学因素和健康状况模式。生活质量通过世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL-Bref）问卷进行衡量。
结果
研究中男性受访者（53.5%）略多于女性。参与者的中位年龄为 70（11）岁。他们中有近三分之一至少有一种慢性健康状况。肌肉骨骼投诉是最常见的健康状况，其次是糖尿病、高血压、视力问题和哮喘。在受访者中，20.1%定期在诊所就诊，24%至少每月见一次医生。其中，6.8%的人在日常生活活动中至少有一项受限。然而，大多数人（58.6%）表示对自己的健康状况感到满意。以下因素与较差的生活质量显著相关：存在健康状况、存在肌肉骨骼状况、听力受损、视力受损、支气管哮喘、日常生活活动受限以及使用成瘾物质。对健康的满意度、定期在诊所就诊、至少每月见一次医生以及患有糖尿病与生活质量的提高显著相关。
结论
减少日常生活活动的限制、避免使用成瘾物质、预防疾病以及改善获得卫生服务的机会，可以提高老年人的生活质量。此外，政策制定者在寻求改善老年人生活质量时应考虑这些因素。
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